Training of Trainer Pengolahan dan Analisis Data dengan Aplikasi Eviews dan JASP

Sofyan, Mohammad; Marlinda, Charly; Satriadi, Satriadi

doi:10.59024/faedah.v1i1.39

Cited by 4 publications

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Visual memory of a co-actor’s target during joint search

Sakata

Ueda

Moriguchi

2023

Psychological Research

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Studies on joint action show that when two actors turn-takingly attend to each other’s target that appears one at a time, a partner’s target is accumulated in memory. However, in the real world, actors may not be certain that they attend to the same object because multiple objects often appear simultaneously. In this study, we asked participant pairs to search for different targets in parallel from multiple objects and investigated the memory of a partner’s target. We employed the contextual cueing paradigm, in which repetitive search forms associative memory between a target and a configuration of distractors that facilitates search. During the learning phase, exemplars of three target categories (i.e., bird, shoe, and tricycle) were presented among unique objects, and participant pairs searched for them. In Experiment 1, it was followed by a memory test about target exemplars. Consequently, the partner’s target was better recognized than the target that nobody searched for. In Experiments 2a and 2b, the memory test was replaced with the transfer phase, where one individual from the pair searched for the category that nobody had searched for while the other individual searched for the category the partner had searched for in the learning phase. The transfer phase did not show search facilitation underpinned by associative memory between the partner’s target and distractors. These results suggest that when participant pairs search for different targets in parallel, they accumulate the partner’s target in memory but may not form its associative memory with the distractors that facilitates its search. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00426-023-01819-7.

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Visual memory of a co-actor’s target during joint search

Sakata

Ueda

Moriguchi

2023

Psychological Research

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Perception of near-threshold visual stimuli is influenced by pre-stimulus alpha-band amplitude but not by alpha phase

Melcón

Stern

Kessel

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Ongoing brain activity preceding visual stimulation has been suggested to shape conscious perception. The underlying mechanisms are still under adebate,lthough alpha oscillations have been pointed out as the main explanatory candidate. According to the pulsed-inhibition framework, bouts of functional inhibition arise in each alpha cycle, allowing information to be processed in a pulsatile manner. Consequently, it has been hypothesized that perceptual outcome can be influenced by the specific phase of alpha oscillations prior to the stimulus onset, although empirical findings are controversial. In this study, we aimed to shed light on the role of pre-stimulus alpha oscillations in visual perception. To this end, we recorded electroencephalographic (EEG) activity while participants performed three near-threshold visual detection tasks with different attentional involvement: a no-cue task, a non-informative cue task (50% cue validity), and an informative cue task (100% cue validity). Cluster-based permutation statistics were complemented with Bayesian analyses to test the effect of pre-stimulus oscillatory amplitude and phase on visual awareness. We additionally examined whether these effects differed on trials with low and high oscillatory amplitude, as expected from the pulsed-inhibition theory. Our results show a clear effect of pre-stimulus alpha amplitude on conscious perception, but only when alpha fluctuated spontaneously and was not modulated by attention, supporting the notion that alpha-band power indexes neural excitability. In contrast, we did not find any evidence that pre-stimulus alpha phase influences the perceptual outcome, not even when differentiating between low and high amplitude trials. Furthermore, Bayesian analysis provided moderate evidence in favor of the absence of phase effects. Taken together, our results challenge the central theoretical predictions of the pulsed-inhibition framework, at least for the particular experimental conditions used here.

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The neural dynamics of familiarity‐dependent face identity representation

Kovács

Ambrus

et al. 2023

Psychophysiology

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Recognizing a face as belonging to a given identity is essential in our everyday life. Clearly, the correct identification of a face is only possible for familiar people, but ‘familiarity’ covers a wide range—from people we see every day to those we barely know. Although several studies have shown that the processing of familiar and unfamiliar faces is substantially different, little is known about how the degree of familiarity affects the neural dynamics of face identity processing. Here, we report the results of a multivariate EEG analysis, examining the representational dynamics of face identity across several familiarity levels. Participants viewed highly variable face images of 20 identities, including the participants' own face, personally familiar (PF), celebrity and unfamiliar faces. Linear discriminant classifiers were trained and tested on EEG patterns to discriminate pairs of identities of the same familiarity level. Time‐resolved classification revealed that the neural representations of identity discrimination emerge around 100 ms post‐stimulus onset, relatively independently of familiarity level. In contrast, identity decoding between 200 and 400 ms is determined to a large extent by familiarity: it can be recovered with higher accuracy and for a longer duration in the case of more familiar faces. In addition, we found no increased discriminability for faces of PF persons compared to those of highly familiar celebrities. One's own face benefits from processing advantages only in a relatively late time‐window. Our findings provide new insights into how the brain represents face identity with various degrees of familiarity and show that the degree of familiarity modulates the available identity‐specific information at a relatively early time window.

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Training of Trainer Pengolahan dan Analisis Data dengan Aplikasi Eviews dan JASP

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Visual memory of a co-actor’s target during joint search

Visual memory of a co-actor’s target during joint search

Perception of near-threshold visual stimuli is influenced by pre-stimulus alpha-band amplitude but not by alpha phase

The neural dynamics of familiarity‐dependent face identity representation

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