Training is enrichment—And beyond

Westlund, Karolina

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2013.12.009

Cited by 59 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Other authors have presented different definitions of EE with more restrictive or general terms and goals (e.g. Shepherdson 1994Shepherdson , 2003Newberry 1995;Shepherdson et al 1998;Mellen and Sevenich Mac-Phee 2001;Westlund 2014). Environmental enrichment is often divided into different categories, depending on the goals of the enrichment programme (e.g.…”

Section: Definition Of Environmental Enrichmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental enrichment for fish in captive environments: effects of physical structures and substrates

2014

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Structural environmental enrichment, that is, a deliberate addition of physical complexity to the rearing environment, is sometimes utilized to reduce the expression of the undesirable traits that fish develop in captivity. Increasing demands and regulations regarding usage of enrichment to promote fish welfare also make investigations on the effects of enrichment important. Here, we sythesize the current state‐of‐the‐art knowledge about the effects of structural environmental enrichment for fish in captive environments. We find that enrichment can affect several aspects of the biology of captive fish, for example, aggression, stress, energy expenditure, injury and disease susceptibility. Importantly, these effects are often varying in direction and magnitude, and it is clear that just addition of structure is not a solution to all problems in fish rearing. Each species and life stage needs special consideration with respect to its natural history and preferences. A multitude of different enrichment types has been investigated and many studies investigate several enrichment components at the same time, making comparisons among studies difficult. To the present date, the majority of efforts have been directed to investigate salmonid fish in stock‐fish hatcheries and cichlids from a basic research perspective. Some contexts are under‐studied with respect to environmental enrichment, for instance effects on results in basic research and welfare effects in display aquaria. There are many research opportunities left within this field. However, future studies could utilize experimental designs which make it possible to discriminate between effects of different environmental manipulations to a higher degree than what has been performed to this date.

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Section: Definition Of Environmental Enrichmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental enrichment for fish in captive environments: effects of physical structures and substrates

2014

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“…The relatively long training period and strict learning criterion could have resulted in small 335 differences between the two housing groups, too, either when animals were frustrated by the 336 long succession of training sessions or if training provided an enrichment for the sheep 337 (Melfi, 2013;Westlund, 2014). Finally, the small difference between the sheep from the two 338 housing conditions could result from selection bias in that only the most resilient sheep from 339 the unpredictable, stimulus-poor housing conditions reached the learning criterion and were 340 included in the test whereas larger differences would have been found if all sheep could have 341 been tested.…”

Section: Animals and Housing Groups 126mentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal brain deactivation during a non-verbal cognitive judgement bias test in sheep

Guldimann

Vögeli

Wolf³

et al. 2015

Brain and Cognition

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“…Através da aplicação deste quebra-cabeça os tigres reduziram a execução de pacing e aumentaram o comportamento ativo e de repouso. Os enriquecimentos que estimulam a cognição promovem um maior controle ambiental pelo animal, o que pode reduzir comportamentos agonísticos e aumentar as emoções positivas (Zebunke et al, 2013).Treinar animais através do condicionamento operante também pode ser considerado um tipo de enriquecimento cognitivo (Westlund, 2014). O treinamento pode beneficiar as condições de bem-estar dos animais, uma vez que o objetivo for a redução da utilização de métodos de manejo estressantes e invasivos, e o aumento do controle ambiental pelo animal, a promoção de opções de escolha e a estimulação de relações positivas entre humanos e animais através do reforço positivo (Maple, 2007;Melfi, 2013 ).…”

Section: Enriquecimento Para Felinos Em Cativeiro E Classificação Dasunclassified

“…Damasceno et al, (2016), descobriram que durante .173 a substituição de alimentos, os gatos de uma colônia de abrigo comiam mais quando uma pessoa conhecida estava presente no ambiente. Em gatos selvagens, o condicionamento operante por reforço positivo, consiste em um enriquecimento social quando promove contato positivo entre o treinador e o animal (Westlund, 2014).…”

Section: Enriquecimento Para Felinos Em Cativeiro E Classificação Dasunclassified

Enriquecimento Ambiental para felinos em cativeiro: classificação de técnicas, desafios e futuras direções

Damasceno

2018

Revista Brasileira De Zoociências

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As práticas de enriquecimento ambiental visam a melhoria das condições de bem-estar dos animais mantidos em ambientes restritos, sejam estes de laboratório, produção, silvestres ou os de companhia. A presente revisão aborda desde o aspecto histórico das práticas de enriquecimento, os avanços e crescimento científico, suas classificações e aplicações de técnicas para felinos domésticos e silvestres, assim como expõe questões que ainda necessitam de investigação e melhor abordagem para atingir e proporcionar de maneira mais completa e efetiva, melhores condições de bem-estar para os animais em cativeiro.

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Training is enrichment—And beyond

Cited by 59 publications

References 32 publications

Environmental enrichment for fish in captive environments: effects of physical structures and substrates

Environmental enrichment for fish in captive environments: effects of physical structures and substrates

Frontal brain deactivation during a non-verbal cognitive judgement bias test in sheep

Enriquecimento Ambiental para felinos em cativeiro: classificação de técnicas, desafios e futuras direções

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