Training intensity, blood lipids, and apolipoproteins in men with high cholesterol

Abstract

Twenty-six hypercholesterolemic men (mean cholesterol, 258 mg/dl; age, 47 yr; weight, 81.9 kg) completed 24 wk of cycle ergometer training (3 days/wk, 350 kcal/session) at either high (n = 12) or moderate (n = 14) intensity (80 and 50% maximal O2 uptake, respectively, randomly assigned) to test the influence of training intensity on blood lipid and apolipoprotein (apo) concentrations. All physiological, lipid, and apo measurements were completed at 0, 8, 16, and 24 wk. Lipid data were analyzed via two x four repeated-measures analysis of variance (alpha = 0.0031). Training produced a significant decrease in body weight and increase in maximal O2 uptake. No interactions between intensity and weeks of training were noted for any lipid or apo variable, and no between-group differences were significant before or throughout training. Therefore, intensity did not affect the training response. Regardless of intensity, apo AI and apo B fell 9 and 13%, respectively, by week 16 and remained lower through week 24 (P < 0.0003). Total cholesterol fell transiently (-5.5%) by week 16 (P < 0.0021) but returned to initial levels by week 24. Triglyceride, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol did not change with training. In contrast, HDL2 cholesterol rose 79% above initial levels by week 8 and 82% above initial levels by week 24 (P < 0.0018); HDL3 cholesterol fell 8 and 13% over the same training intervals (P < 0.0026). These data show that changes in blood lipid and apo concentrations that accompany training in hypercholesterolemic men are not influenced by exercise intensity when caloric expenditure is held constant.

Physical Activity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Exercise Training in Primary and Secondary Coronary Prevention

“…2 Crouse et al observed a greater increase in CRF in men exercising at high intensity as opposed to moderate intensity (measured via peak V O2) in middle-aged men (n=26) following 24 weeks of cycle ergometer exercise. 70 Similarly, O'Donovan et al observed a greater increase in CRF following 24 weeks of high-intensity ET in sedentary men (n=64) compared to moderate-intensity ET matched for ET energy costs. 71 In addition, several studies suggest that highintensity aerobic ET is associated with greater responses in glucose control, 72 insulin sensitivity, 73,74 and visceral fat loss 75 compared to moderate-intensity ET.…”

High density lipoprotein cholesterol in individuals with spinal cord injury: The potential role of physical activity

“…98 ± 101 A recent report by Crouse et al 102 suggests that changes in blood lipids in hypercholesterolemic men are not in¯uenced by exercise intensity when the caloric expenditure of the exercise programs are held constant. In contrast to an extensive literature on HDL-C and physical activity in able-bodied samples the literature regarding the eect of physical activity on HDL-C in SCI subjects is limited to four cross-sectional studies of physical activity and HDL-C, 13,24,31,103 three reports on the cross-sectional association between cardiovascular ®tness and HDL-C 29,31,104 and one exercise training study.…”

The effect of 12 weeks aerobic exercise on blood pressure, heart rates and blood parameters in sedentary females

“…Thus, the value of regular aerobic exercise in increasing serum HDL-C level and in reducing the risk of CVD has received widespread acceptance (Rippe et al, 1988). In contrast, results of aerobic exercise studies vary considerably, depending on the exercise program (eg, duration, intensity, or frequency) and characteristics of subjects at baseline (Crouse et al, 1997 Comparisons between intensities of aerobic exercise programs resulted in favorable effects only for high intensity. The most frequently observed alteration was an increase in the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, whereas reductions in triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol appeared less often (Tambalis et al, 2008).…”