Training-Induced Brain Structure Changes in the Elderly

Boyke, Janina; Driemeyer, Joenna; Gaser, Christian; Büchel, Christian; May, Arne

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0742-08.2008

Cited by 592 publications

(486 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This finding seems to contradict some previous reports that paint a more optimistic picture of cortical plasticity in old age (Boyke et al, 2008;Engvig et al, 2010). However, the infrequent findings suggesting neuroplasticity of cortical regions in old age should not be overstated; our results serve as a reminder of the well-known age-related decrements in human brain structure (e.g., Jernigan et al, 2001;Raz et al, 2005;Salat et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Cortical thickness changes following spatial navigation training in adulthood and aging

et al. 2012

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A widespread network involving cortical and subcortical brain structures forms the neural substrate of human spatial navigation. Most studies investigating plasticity of this network have focused on the hippocampus. Here, we investigate age differences in cortical thickness changes evoked by four months of spatial navigation training in 91 men aged 20-30 or 60-70 years. Cortical thickness was automatically measured before, immediately after, and four months after termination of training. Younger as well as older navigators evidenced large improvements in navigation performance that were partly maintained after termination of training. Importantly, training-related cortical thickening in left precuneus and paracentral lobule were observed in young navigators only. Thus, spatial navigation training appears to affect cortical brain structure of young adults, but there is reduced potential for experience-dependent cortical alterations in old age.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Cortical thickness changes following spatial navigation training in adulthood and aging

et al. 2012

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“…This and other data speak for the existence of sensitive periods in development [134] during which the brain is especially susceptible to auditorymotor learning, which is further corroborated by the independence of age of onset effects from the overall duration of training [135]. To what extent the potential for multisensory learning changes with normal and pathological aging has not been extensively studied, but some recent studies in elderly individuals using golfing [125] and juggling [136] …”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Multisensory integration and neuroplasticity in the human cerebral cortex

Paraskevopoulos

Herholz

2013

Translational Neuroscience

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There is a strong interaction between multisensory processing and the neuroplasticity of the human brain. On one hand, recent research demonstrates that experience and training in various domains modifies how information from the different senses is integrated; and, on the other hand multisensory training paradigms seem to be particularly effective in driving functional and structural plasticity. Multisensory training affects early sensory processing within separate sensory domains, as well as the functional and structural connectivity between uniand multisensory brain regions. In this review, we discuss the evidence for interactions of multisensory processes and brain plasticity and give an outlook on promising clinical applications and open questions.

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“…The demonstration of the fact that functional and structural plasticity can be elicited even by short-term training in adults [40,41] has spurred the search for the underlying neuronal mechanisms [42] and potential interventions to facilitate them [43][44][45]. OI does not allow assessment of structural changes but has been successfully used to address the question of whether functional activation patterns may be used to track functional reorganization after stroke.…”

Section: (D) Guiding Rehabilitation After Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive optical imaging of stroke

Obrig

Steinbrink

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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The acute onset of a neurological deficit is the key clinical feature of stroke. In most cases, however, pathophysiological changes in the cerebral vasculature precede the event, often by many years. Persisting neurological deficits may also require long-term rehabilitation. Hence, stroke may be considered a chronic disease, and diagnostic and therapeutic efforts must include identification of specific risk factors, and the monitoring of and interventions in the acute and subacute stages, and should aim at a pathophysiologically based approach to optimize the rehabilitative effort. Non-invasive optical techniques have been experimentally used in all three stages of the disease and may complement the established diagnostic and monitoring tools. Here, we provide an overview of studies using the methodology in the context of stroke, and we sketch perspectives of how they may be integrated into the assessment of the highly dynamic pathophysiological processes during the acute and subacute stages of the disease and also during rehabilitation and (secondary) prevention of stroke.

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Training-Induced Brain Structure Changes in the Elderly

Cited by 592 publications

References 37 publications

Cortical thickness changes following spatial navigation training in adulthood and aging

Cortical thickness changes following spatial navigation training in adulthood and aging

Multisensory integration and neuroplasticity in the human cerebral cortex

Non-invasive optical imaging of stroke

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