Training-induced and electrically induced potentiation in the neocortex

Hodgson, Robert A.; Ji, Zhanxin; Standish, S.; Boyd-Hodgson, T.E.; Henderson, Amy; Racine, R.

doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2004.07.001

Cited by 58 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This effect has also been demonstrated in vivo (Monfils and Teskey 2004; but see Cohen and CastroAlamancos 2005), and it has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro in the same laboratory, although not in the same animals (Hodgson et al 2005). Moreover, administration of cocaine and methamphetamine in vivo can cause increases in synaptic strength in the ventral tegmental area, as recorded in vitro (Ungless et al 2001;Saal et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Physiological effects of enriched environment exposure and LTP induction in the hippocampus in vivo do not transfer faithfully to in vitro slices

Eckert

Abraham²

2010

Learn. Mem.

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A number of experimental paradigms use in vitro brain slices to test for changes in synaptic transmission and plasticity following a behavioral manipulation. For example, a number of previous studies have reported a variety of effects of environmental enrichment (EE) exposure on field potential responses in hippocampal slices, but in no study was is it known what changes had been elicited in vivo. In the present study, we recorded from the hippocampus in vivo while rats underwent a brief period of EE. There was no detectable EE-induced change in synaptic efficacy in the dentate gyrus in vivo, but there was an increase in cellular excitability. In slices prepared from the same animals, we failed to observe any evidence of the excitability increase. We next tested whether LTP induction in vivo was better preserved in vitro. However, when slices from these rats were examined, there was no observable change in perforant path synaptic strength, although there was a modest increase in excitability that correlated with the increased excitability observed in vivo. These findings suggest that synaptic changes induced in vivo either are not preserved faithfully or are difficult to detect in hippocampal slices, while changes in cellular excitability are better preserved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Physiological effects of enriched environment exposure and LTP induction in the hippocampus in vivo do not transfer faithfully to in vitro slices

Eckert

Abraham²

2010

Learn. Mem.

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“…In support of this notion, the learning of forelimb reaching tasks in rats has been shown to result in enhanced synaptic responses in M1 excitatory neurons after learning (Hodgson et al, 2005; Rioult-Pedotti et al, 1998). Such training also briefly occluded the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP), suggesting that LTP-like mechanisms are invoked during motor skill learning (Hodgson et al, 2005; Rioult-Pedotti et al, 2007; Rioult-Pedotti et al, 2000).…”

Section: Motor Skill Learningmentioning

confidence: 80%

Circuit Mechanisms of Sensorimotor Learning

Makino

Hwang

Hedrick

et al. 2016

Neuron

179

152

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SUMMARY The relationship between the brain and the environment is flexible, forming the foundation for our ability to learn. Here we review the current state of our understanding of the modifications in the sensorimotor pathway related to sensorimotor learning. We divide the process in three hierarchical levels with distinct goals: 1) sensory perceptual learning, 2) sensorimotor associative learning, and 3) motor skill learning. Perceptual learning optimizes the representations of important sensory stimuli. Associative learning and the initial phase of motor skill learning are ensured by feedback-based mechanisms that permit trial-and-error learning. The later phase of motor skill learning may primarily involve feedback-independent mechanisms operating under the classic Hebbian rule. With these changes under distinct constraints and mechanisms, sensorimotor learning establishes dedicated circuitry for the reproduction of stereotyped neural activity patterns and behavior.

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“…With training, performance improved so that trial duration decreased from 15s to 5s. During these tasks, there were long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD) of synapses in the motor cortex (Rioult-Pedotti et al, 2000; Hodgson et al, 2005), as well as LTP of existing but masked horizontal synapses (Rioult-Pedotti et al, 1998). There are a number of factors that contribute to formation and maintenance of synaptic plasticity in the motor cortex during motor learning (see reviews Luft and Buitrago, 2005; Monfils et al, 2005):…”

Section: Forming Memories In the Motor Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrifying the motor engram: effects of tDCS on motor learning and control

Xivry

Shadmehr

2014

Exp Brain Res

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Learning to control our movements accompanies neuroplasticity of motor areas of the brain. The mechanisms of neuroplasticity are diverse and produce what is referred to as the motor engram, i.e. the neural trace of the motor memory. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) alters the neural and behavioral correlates of motor learning, but its precise influence on the motor engram is unknown. In this review, we summarize the effects of tDCS on neural activity and suggest a few key principles: 1) firing rates are increased by anodal polarization and decreased by cathodal polarization, 2) anodal polarization strengthens newly formed associations, and 3) polarization modulates the memory of new/preferred firing patterns. With these principles in mind, we review the effects of tDCS on motor control, motor learning, and clinical applications. The increased spontaneous and evoked firing rates may account for the modulation of dexterity in non-learning tasks by tDCS. The facilitation of new association may account for the effect of tDCS on learning in sequence tasks while the ability of tDCS to strengthen memories of new firing patterns may underlie the effect of tDCS on consolidation of skills. We then describe the mechanisms of neuroplasticity of motor cortical areas and how they might be influenced by tDCS. We end with current challenges for the fields of brain stimulation and motor learning.

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Training-induced and electrically induced potentiation in the neocortex

Cited by 58 publications

References 38 publications

Physiological effects of enriched environment exposure and LTP induction in the hippocampus in vivo do not transfer faithfully to in vitro slices

Physiological effects of enriched environment exposure and LTP induction in the hippocampus in vivo do not transfer faithfully to in vitro slices

Circuit Mechanisms of Sensorimotor Learning

Electrifying the motor engram: effects of tDCS on motor learning and control

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