Training courses in Tuebingen

An innovative trainer for surgical procedures using animal organs

“…Tissue from the slaughterhouse is inexpensive, no anesthesia is necessary and normal laparoscopic instruments can be used (11). Since a training center using phantoms does not need to be an operating room, the cost of establishing a training center is relatively low compared to a training system using live animals.…”

“…The courses for laparoscopic surgery at the Tuebingen Training Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery began in 1990 (11). In this training center, a phantom using animal organs has been used as training device for each training course (8).…”

Mechanical Simulators for Training for Laparoscopic Surgery in Urology

“…The simple and sometimes boring exercises of coordination (i.e., grasping peanuts, clipping rubber strings) have been replaced by dedicated training with different models. 10,12,14,20,22,24 The anatomic basis (including coordination exercises) can be provided best by using animal cadavers placed in the Pelvi-trainer (i.e., ESUT training course; European Surgical Institute, Norderstedt, Germany).…”

“…[4][5][6][7] Training in laparoscopic surgery therefore is essential if the surgeon is to perform an operation safely, avoiding technical problems and minimizing the risk of complications. Various training courses for laparoscopic surgery have been established to date [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] that may include several modules, depending on availabilty at the training center (Table 1).…”

Ex vivo simulator for colorectal procedures

“…However, this approach cannot be fully applied in endoscopic procedures. Specific training courses have been established alongside the development of endoscopic procedures [1][2][3].…”