Training Australian pharmacists for participation in a collaborative, home-based post-discharge warfarin management service

Abstract

This education program successfully up-skilled a cohort of pharmacists for involvement in a post-discharge warfarin management service. These findings support formalization and further development of the program to facilitate widespread implementation of home-based post-discharge warfarin care.

A Systematic Review of the Effects of Continuing Education Programs on Providing Clinical Community Pharmacy Services

“…Finally, full-text articles were retrieved for review, and 19 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in this systematic review (Figure 1). [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Most the articles were published from 2000 to 2013 (n518). One study was published in 1997.…”

“…Nine studies had a community pharmacists sample size of less than 50, 23,27,31,33,34,[36][37][38][39] seven studies had a community pharmacists sample size of 50 to 100, 22,24,25,[28][29][30]35 two studies had a community pharmacists sample size of 101 to 200, 26,32 one study had a community pharmacists sample size of more than 200. 21 With regard to study design, 12 studies were before-and-after studies, 21,[24][25][26][27][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] and seven studies were controlled trials. 22,23,[28][29][30]38,39 The features of these studies are summarized in Tables 2, 3, and 4.…”

“…Most of the CE programs (n513) had their content areas chosen by the researchers who conducted the studies without assessing gaps in knowledge or the self-reported educational needs of the community pharmacists. 22,23,25,26,[28][29][30][32][33][34][35][36][37] Most of the studies (n514) [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] used just one media method in the CE program. The live method was the most frequent (n511), [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] followed by the Internet (nonreal time; n52), 32,33 and print (n51) 34 (Table 2).…”

“…[35][36][37][38] Live methods were used in each of these combinations. The combinations included live computer-based and offline (n51), 35 live Internet and nonreal time (n51), 36 and live and print (n52) 37,38 (Table 3). One study used a combination of three media methods in the CE program: live, video, and print 39 (Table 4).…”

“…Most of the CE programs (n513) had their content areas chosen by the researchers who conducted the studies without assessing gaps in knowledge or the self-reported educational needs of the community pharmacists. 22,23,25,26,[28][29][30][32][33][34][35][36][37] …”