Training Animals in Captivity or the Wild, so They Can Return to the Wild

Webb, Jonathan K.

doi:10.1002/9781118968543.ch12

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…19 of 2005, article 71 states that every breeder who conducts captivity must return to his natural habitat from captive-bred specimens of plants and animals of protected species. That have met the qualification standards for captive breeding of at least 10% of captivity results (Willoughby and Christie 2019;Webb 2020). The results of this population development took 10% to be released into the wild.…”

Section: Releasing Javan Deer From Captive Breedingmentioning

confidence: 96%

The importance of regulatory compliance in wildlife captive breeding: Case study from deer captive breeding in Indonesia

et al. 2022

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Abstract. Subeno, Pudyatmoko S, Imron MA, Widi TSM. 2022. The importance of regulatory compliance in wildlife captive breeding: Case study from deer captive breeding in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6128-6136. Indonesia has five deer species that the Indonesian government protects. Among these deer, Javan deer (Rusa timorensis) and sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) have received conservation attention through captive breeding. Despite this conservation approach being applied for these two species, a review on captive breeding implementation is still lacking. This research aimed to assess the management of captive breeding of two deer species, which will support the natural population of endangered species in Indonesia. A triangulation method is used to collect secondary data (documents), interviews, and field observations in Parengan of East Java for Javan deer and Dumai of Riau for sambar deer. Then we assessed the management aspect and the ability of captive breeding to contribute to the release program using descriptive qualitative analysis. The Pertamina RU 2 Dumai sambar deer captive breeding has been carried out since 2016. However, during four years of management, the documents required for captive management, assessed by the Nature Resources Conservation Agency (Balai Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam/BKSDA), were not fully available. Consequently, the population increment in captive breeding could not participate in the release program. The Parengan Javan deer captive breeding was built in 2014. Management documents, population and habitat management were carried out intensively. As a result of the assessment by BKSDA East Java, this captive breeding received an excellent value (A). The population development showed an increasing trend. The results of this population development are then taken 10% to be released into the wild. In 2018, 4 captive-breed Javan deer were released in their natural habitat of Tahura R. Soeryo, East Java. The implication is that captive breeding, which is managed through proper management of population, habitat, and infrastructure, can contribute to supporting the addition of wildlife populations in their natural habitats.

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Section: Releasing Javan Deer From Captive Breedingmentioning

confidence: 96%

The importance of regulatory compliance in wildlife captive breeding: Case study from deer captive breeding in Indonesia

et al. 2022

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“…Although the restoration and reintroduction of captive wild animals into the wild is a key issue in the field of species conservation, their adaptability to the habitat has been largely overlooked. Observational data on captive wild animals with little habitual extreme locomotor behavior show that they are often injured during high-intensity activity when released into the wild due to insufficient limb bone strength [ 10 , 11 ]. Saiga tatarica is a rare and endangered wild animal, and it is critical to uncover their morphological adaptability in captivity for the protection of this species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphologic and mechanical adaptive variations in Saiga tatarica calcaneus: A model for interpreting the bone functional adaptation of wild artiodactyl in captivity

Jing,

Xu,

Cai

et al. 2024

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Captivity alters the locomotor behavior of wild artiodactyls and affects the mechanical loading of the calcaneus; however, the resulting adaptive changes in calcaneus morphology have not been sufficiently studied to date. This study aimed to investigate the morphological and mechanical adaptive variations in the calcaneus of Saiga tatarica to understand further the functional adaptation of the calcaneus in wild artiodactyl to captivity. Materials and Methods: Paired calcanei from autopsy samples of six captive wild artiodactyls (S. tatarica) and six domesticated artiodactyls (Ovis aries) were divided into skeletally immature and mature groups using X-ray evaluation of growth plate closure. High-resolution microcomputed tomography revealed a calcaneal diaphyseal cross-section. The mechanical and nanomorphological characteristics of the trabecular bone were determined by atomic force microscopy. Results: The percent cortical bone area (%CA), cortical thickness ratio (CTR), and Young’s modulus (E) differed between species in the immature groups but not in the mature groups. S. tatarica had significantly higher growth rates for %CA, CTR, and E in the mid-shaft than O. aries (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The calcaneus morphology of S. tatarica converges with that of domesticated O. aries during ontogeny. These results indicate that the calcaneus of wild artiodactyls can undergo potentially transitional changes during the short-term adaptation to captivity. The above parameters can be preliminarily identified as morphological signs of functional bone adaptation in artiodactyls. Keywords: artiodactyl, bone functional adaptation, calcaneus, captivity, morphological variation, Saiga tatarica.

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“…Uma forma de aumentar o conhecimento das espécies é através de estudos comportamentais, tanto em cativeiro como em vida livre (Marini & Marinho-Filho 2006;Neto et al 2020Neto et al , 2021. Os estudos comportamentais têm tido um papel importante na conservação de espécies (Webb et al 2020). A partir da avaliação do estado comportamental de animais, tem sido possível auxiliar pesquisadores na construção de ambientes em cativeiro com melhor qualidade (Caro 2007) e avaliar o sucesso de estratégias de reintrodução ou reforço populacional (Marini & Marinho-Filho 2006).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Comparação da diversidade de comportamentos exibidos por emas em cativeiro e recém liberadas

Neto

Prado

Neves

et al. 2021

PECEN

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Em geral, animais resgatados passam um período em cativeiro para avaliação da condição física e capacidade de sobrevivência antes de retornarem a natureza. Durante este período, os animais devem ser estimulados através de um enriquecimento ambiental e alimentar para manterem os comportamentos similares aos apresentados em meio natural. Este estudo foi realizado com seis indivíduos de Rhea americana no bioma Cerrado, em Goiás. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade de comportamentos de emas, através de uma comparação entre os comportamentos de cativeiro e vida livre. Os animais tinham entre 4 e 10 meses durante o monitoramento, sendo que os mesmos indivíduos foram observados em cativeiro e vida livre. Observações comportamentais foram feitas com seis indivíduos durante um total de 120 h, sendo 60 h em cativeiro e 60 h em vida livre. Para a construção do etograma foram utilizados os métodos de observação ad libitum e animal focal. Identificamos um total de 19 comportamentos agrupados em oito categorias comportamentais: alimentação, encontro agonístico, locomoção, limpeza, vocalização, brincadeiras, inatividade e defesa. As diversidades de comportamentos tiveram frequências semelhantes nas fases de cativeiro e vida livre. Os comportamentos de locomoção e vocalização tiveram maior expressão em cativeiro, enquanto os comportamentos de limpeza, alimentação, encontro agonístico e brincadeira tiveram maior expressão em vida livre. Entretanto, não houve nenhuma diferença significativa entre os comportamentos de vida livre e cativeiro. Nesse estudo foram feitas observações apenas de machos, e por isso, sugerimos estudos adicionais que incluam machos e fêmeas, para serem observados possíveis comportamentos de reprodução. As reintroduções com emas, geralmente, não são bem sucedidas, considerando a alta taxa de mortalidade por um predador natural. Medidas adequadas de manejo poderiam evitar estes problemas. Desta forma, ações conservacionistas que visem a reintrodução de emas e que identifiquem os comportamentos de indivíduos em cativeiro e vida livre podem ajudar a melhorar o bem-estar animal em cativeiro e, desta forma, aumentar as chances de sobrevivência no ambiente natural. O enriquecimento ambiental e alimentar pode ser essencial para estimular os comportamentos naturais, evitando comportamentos estereotipados em cativeiro. Além disso, os métodos usados nesse estudo poderiam ser utilizados para outras aves ratitas.Palavras chave: Aves ratitas, bem-estar animal, Cerrado, observações comportamentais, Rhea americana.

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Training Animals in Captivity or the Wild, so They Can Return to the Wild

Cited by 5 publications

References 72 publications

The importance of regulatory compliance in wildlife captive breeding: Case study from deer captive breeding in Indonesia

The importance of regulatory compliance in wildlife captive breeding: Case study from deer captive breeding in Indonesia

Morphologic and mechanical adaptive variations in Saiga tatarica calcaneus: A model for interpreting the bone functional adaptation of wild artiodactyl in captivity

Comparação da diversidade de comportamentos exibidos por emas em cativeiro e recém liberadas

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