Traffic jams without bottlenecks—experimental evidence for the physical mechanism of the formation of a jam

Sugiyama, Yūki; Fukui, Minoru; Kikuchi, Macoto; Hasebe, Katsuya; Nakayama, Akihiro; Nishinari, Katsuhiro; Tadaki, Shin–ichi; Yukawa, Satoshi

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/10/3/033001

Cited by 625 publications

(449 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A similar experiment with cars was performed by Sugiyama et al [13,14] on a circular road with circumference C c = 230 m and N = 22 and 23, corresponding to global densities ρ g = 0.096 m −1 and 0.1 m −1 , respectively. Recently the same group improved these experiments [15].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Universal flow-density relation of single-file bicycle, pedestrian and car motion

et al. 2014

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The relation between flow and density is an essential quantitative characteristic to describe the efficiency of traffic systems. We have performed experiments with single-file motion of bicycles and compare the results with previous studies for car and pedestrian motion in similar setups. In the space-time diagrams we observe three different states of motion (free flow state, jammed state and stop-and-go waves) in all these systems. Despite of their obvious differences they are described by a universal fundamental diagram after proper rescaling of space and time which takes into account the size and free velocity of the three kinds of agents. This indicates that the similarities between the systems go deeper than expected.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Universal flow-density relation of single-file bicycle, pedestrian and car motion

et al. 2014

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“…It has to be noted that between time steps 1000 and 1100 the propagation of an avalanche through the whole system is observable. Based on a visual comparison with the real experiment of Sugiyama [10] the model system dynamics seems to be realistic. In real traffic conditions the experimental data are usually collected by detectors located at fixed places.…”

Section: Results Of Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Up to our knowledge real experimental data describing the dynamics of cars in such idealized situation (cars restricted to one lane only and moving with a constant average flux) is not available. Only one qualitative experiment focusing on the formation of the jams exists without any statistical data collection [10]. Therefore, at this stage the study has to limit itself on pure modeling, and the test of the results rely simply on our everyday experience.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spring-block model for a single-lane highway traffic

Járai-Szabó¹,

Sándor²,

Néda³

2011

Open Physics

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Abstract:A simple one-dimensional spring-block chain with asymmetric interactions is considered to model an idealized single-lane highway traffic. The main elements of the system are blocks (modeling cars), springs with unidirectional interactions (modeling distance-keeping interactions between neighbors), static and kinetic friction (modeling inertia of drivers and cars) and spatiotemporal disorder in the values of these friction forces (modeling differences in the driving attitudes). The traveling chain of cars correspond to the dragged spring-block system. Contrary to most of the studies in the field of highway traffic here we focus on a measure characteristic for one car in the row. Our statistical analysis for the spring-block chain predicts a non-trivial and rich complex behavior. As a function of the disorder level in the system a dynamic phase-transition is observed. For low disorder levels uncorrelated slidings of blocks are revealed while for high disorder levels correlated avalanches dominates. PACS

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“…This is due to the fact that there exist simple solutions-called quasi-stationary solutions-that can be observed in real experiments on a circular road (Sugiyama et al 2008). Quasi-stationary solutions (with superscript 0) are given by …”

Section: Theoretical Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical phenomena induced by bottleneck

Gasser

Werner

2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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We study a microscopic follow-the-leader model on a circle of length L with a bottleneck. Allowing large bottleneck strengths we encounter very interesting traffic dynamics. Different types of waves-travelling and standing waves and combinations of both wave types-are observed. The way to find these phenomena requires a good understanding of the complex dynamics of the underlying (nonlinear) equations. Some of the phenomena, like the ponies-on-a-merry-go-round solutions, are mathematically well known from completely different applications. Mathematically speaking we use Poincaré maps, bifurcation analysis and continuation methods beside numerical simulations.

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Traffic jams without bottlenecks—experimental evidence for the physical mechanism of the formation of a jam

Cited by 625 publications

References 11 publications

Universal flow-density relation of single-file bicycle, pedestrian and car motion

Universal flow-density relation of single-file bicycle, pedestrian and car motion

Spring-block model for a single-lane highway traffic

Dynamical phenomena induced by bottleneck

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