Traffic-Generated Air Pollution and Myocardial Infarction

Rosenlund, Mats; Bellander, Tom; Nordquist, Tobias; Alfredsson, Lars

doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e318190ea68

Cited by 60 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Only 10 studies [12,13,17,19,20,22,23,26,32,34] evaluated both total and cause-specific mortality, although data were not always exhaustively reported. There were 21 cohort studies [12-24, 26-28, 30-34] and two casecontrol studies [25,29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen dioxide and mortality: review and meta-analysis of long-term studies

Faustini

Rapp

Forastiére

2014

European Respiratory Journal

328

158

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Exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) has been linked to increased mortality in several epidemiological studies but the question remains of whether NO 2 is directly responsible for the health effects or is only an indicator of other pollutants, including particulate matter. The aim of the present review was to provide pooled estimates of the long-term effects of NO 2 on mortality, which are potentially useful for health impact assessment.We selected 23 papers, published from 2004 to 2013, evaluating the relationship between NO 2 and mortality, also including an assessment of the effect of particulate matter exposure. A random-effects metaanalysis was carried out on 19 studies.The pooled effect on mortality was 1.04 (95% CI 1.02-1.06) with an increase of 10 mg?m -3 in the annual NO 2 concentration and 1.05 (95% CI 1.01-1.09) for particulate matter ,2.5 mm in diameter (PM2.5) (10 mg?m -3 ). The effect on cardiovascular mortality was 1.13 (95% CI 1.09-1.18) for NO 2 and 1.20 (95% CI 1.09-1.31) for PM2.5. The NO 2 effect on respiratory mortality was 1.03 (95% CI 1.02-1.03) and 1.05 (95% CI 1.01-1.09) for PM2.5. Four bipollutant analyses with particulate matter and NO 2 in the same models showed minimal changes in the effect estimates of NO 2 .There is evidence of a long-term effect of NO 2 on mortality as great as that of PM2.5. An independent effect of NO 2 emerged from multipollutant models. @ERSpublications Any health impact assessment overlooking NO 2 would neglect some adverse effects of today's air pollution mixture

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the other studies, one studied only females [29]. Five studies focused on specific at-risk groups: patients with stroke [21], respiratory diseases [22], hypertension [24] and first myocardial infarction [25,29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen dioxide and mortality: review and meta-analysis of long-term studies

Faustini

Rapp

Forastiére

2014

European Respiratory Journal

328

158

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“…Other studies have examined the effects of multiple pollutants in the proximity of roads for respiratory health and allergic disease outcomes (Brunekreef et al, 1997;van Vliet et al, 1997;Nicolai et al, 2003;Kim J et al, 2004;Gauderman et al, 2005;Morgenstern et al, 2008;Rosenlund et al, 2009a;McConnell et al, 2010;Gehring et al, 2010;Clark et al, 2010;Gruzieva et al, 2012Gruzieva et al, , 2013Schultz et al, 2012;Willers et al, 2013), birth weight (Brauer et al, 2008), pre-eclampsia and preterm birth (Wu et al, 2011), fatal myocardial infarction (Rosenlund et al, 2006(Rosenlund et al, , 2009b, lung cancer (Nyberg et al, 2000) and mortality (Beelen et al, 2008a). However in their analyses these investigators used either a proximity to road measure or a specific pollutant(s), but never the effects of (multiple) pollutants within proximity to roads.…”

Section: Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid assessment of the impact of hazard reduction burning around Sydney, May 2016

Broome¹,

Johnston

Horsley

et al. 2016

Medical Journal of Australia

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This document presents answers to 24 questions relevant to reviewing European policies on air pollution and to addressing health aspects of these policies. The answers were developed by a large group of scientists engaged in the WHO project "Review of evidence on health aspects of air pollution -REVIHAAP". The experts reviewed and discussed the newly accumulated scientific evidence on the adverse effects on health of air pollution, formulating science-based answers to the 24 questions. Extensive rationales for the answers, including the list of key references, are provided. The review concludes that a considerable amount of new scientific information on the adverse effects on health of particulate matter, ozone and nitrogen dioxide, observed at levels commonly present in Europe, has been published in recent years. This new evidence supports the scientific conclusions of the WHO air quality guidelines, last updated in 2005, and indicates that the effects in some cases occur at air pollution concentrations lower than those serving to establish these guidelines. It also provides scientific arguments for taking decisive actions to improve air quality and reduce the burden of disease associated with air pollution in Europe.This publication arises from the project REVIHAAP and has been co-funded by the European Union. Keywords AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION -ADVERSE EFFECTS ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC HEALTH EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE GUIDELINES HEALTH POLICYAddress requests about publications of the WHO Regional Office for Europe to: Publications WHO Regional Office for Europe Scherfigsvej 8 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Alternatively, complete an online request form for documentation, health information, or for permission to quote or translate, on the Regional Office web site (http://www.euro.who.int/pubrequest). © World Health Organization 2013All rights reserved. The Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full.The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate borderlines for which there may not yet be full agreement.The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters.All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either express or implied. ...

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“…1 Residential proximity to high traffic roads and dense road networks have been linked to asthma, 7,30-32 respiratory symptoms, 33 and reduced lung function in children and adolescents. 34 Coronary heart disease risks have been reported to increase with levels of traffic, 11,[35][36][37] as have the more discrete risks of acute myocardial infarction 10,38,39 and atherosclerosis. 40 Several studies indicate that older (65+) adults are at greater risk of the adverse effects of traffic exposures.…”

Section: Rationale For Using Surrogate Methods For Characterizing Tramentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Urban Traffic Exposures Using Transportation Planning Tools: An Illustrated Methodology for Health Researchers

et al. 2010

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Exposure to elevated levels of vehicular traffic has been associated with adverse cardiovascular and respiratory health effects in a range of populations, including children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing heart conditions, diabetes, obesity, and genetic susceptibilities. As these relationships become clearer, public health officials will need to have access to methods to identify areas of concern in terms of elevated traffic levels and susceptible populations. This paper briefly reviews current approaches for characterizing traffic exposure and then presents a detailed method that can be employed by public health officials and other researchers in performing screening assessments to define areas of potential concern within a particular locale and, with appropriate caveats, in epidemiologic studies examining traffic-related health impacts at the intra-urban scale. The method is based on two exposure parameters extensively used in numerous epidemiologic studies of traffic and health-proximity to high traffic roadways and overall traffic density. The method is demonstrated with publically available information on susceptible populations, traffic volumes, and Traffic Analysis Zones, a transportation planning tool long used by Metropolitan Planning Agencies and planners across the USA but presented here as a new application which can be used to spatially assess possible traffic-related impacts on susceptible populations. Recommendations are provided for the appropriate use of this methodology, along with its limitations.

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Traffic-Generated Air Pollution and Myocardial Infarction

Abstract: Long-term exposure to traffic-generated air pollution is associated with fatal myocardial infarction but not with nonfatal infarction.

Cited by 60 publications

References 47 publications

Nitrogen dioxide and mortality: review and meta-analysis of long-term studies

Nitrogen dioxide and mortality: review and meta-analysis of long-term studies

A rapid assessment of the impact of hazard reduction burning around Sydney, May 2016

Characterizing Urban Traffic Exposures Using Transportation Planning Tools: An Illustrated Methodology for Health Researchers

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