Traffic Flow of Connected and Automated Vehicles: Challenges and Opportunities

Calvert, Simeon C.; Mahmassani, Hani S.; Meier, Jan-Niklas; Varaiya, Pravin; Hamdar, Samer H.; Chen, Danjue; Li, Xiaopeng; Talebpour, Alireza; Mattingly, Stephen P.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60934-8_19

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…If a + v/H ≤ u, we let k0 = 2 max{1/λ, 1/µ}, k1 = 2k0, γ = λk0 + 1 (u − a)k0 , which are positive under (8); otherwise, we let ≥0 . Finally, since we have verified (10), we can apply [20, Theorem 4.3] and obtain (5).…”

Section: Suppose That (8) Holds Let Us Consider the Switched Exponenmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Platooning of connected vehicles is considered as an effective way of improving traffic throughput [5,19,27] and reducing environmental externalities [1,4,28]. Although the idea of automatically regulating a string of vehicles is wellknown [6,18], it is only over the last few years that extensive experimental studies in real-world traffic conditions have been conducted [1,21,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Modeling the Impact of Vehicle Platooning on Highway Congestion

Jin

Čičić

Amin

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Hybrid Systems: Computation and Control (Part of CPS Week)

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Vehicle platooning is a promising technology that can lead to significant fuel savings and emission reduction. However, the macroscopic impact of vehicle platoons on highway traffic is not yet well understood. In this article, we propose a new fluid queuing model to study the macroscopic interaction between randomly arriving vehicle platoons and the background traffic at highway bottlenecks. This model, viewed as a stochastic switched system, is analyzed for two practically relevant priority rules: proportional (or mixed) and segmented priority. We provide intuitive stability conditions, and obtain bounds on the long-run average length and variance of queues for both priority rules. We use these results to study how platoon-induced congestion varies with the fraction of platooned vehicles, and their characteristics such as intra-platoon spacing and arrival rate. Our analysis reveals a basic tradeoff between congestion induced by the randomness of platoon arrivals, and efficiency gain due to a tighter intra-platoon spacing. This naturally leads to conditions under which the proportional priority is preferred over segmented priority. Somewhat surprisingly, our analytical results are in agreement with the simulation results based on a more sophisticated two-class cell transmission model.

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Section: Suppose That (8) Holds Let Us Consider the Switched Exponenmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Impact of Vehicle Platooning on Highway Congestion

Jin

Čičić

Amin

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Hybrid Systems: Computation and Control (Part of CPS Week)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CAVs have been undergoing rapid development [7][8][9]. It has been widely accepted that CAV use will be a part of future transportation systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiobjective Environmentally Sustainable Optimal Design of Dedicated Connected Autonomous Vehicle Lanes

et al. 2021

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The emergence of connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) is not only improving the efficiency of transportation, but also providing new opportunities for the sustainable development of transportation. Taking advantage of the energy consumption of CAVs to promote the sustainable development of transportation has attracted extensive public attention in recent years. This paper develops a mathematical approach to investigating the problem of the optimal implementation of dedicated CAV lanes while simultaneously considering economic and environmental sustainability. Specifically, the problem is described as a multi-objective bi-level programming model, in which the upper level is to minimize the system-level costs including travel time costs, CAV lane construction cost, and emission cost, whereas the lower level characterizes the multi-class network equilibrium with a heterogeneous traffic stream consisting of both human-driven vehicle (HVs) and CAVs. To address the multi-objective dedicated CAV lane implement problem, we propose an integrated solution framework that integrates a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) algorithm, diagonalized algorithm, and Frank–Wolfe algorithm. The NSGA-II was adopted to solve the upper-level model, i.e., hunting for the optimal CAV lanes implementation schemes. The diagonalized Frank–Wolfe (DFW) algorithm is used to cope with multi-class network equilibrium. Finally, numerical experiments were conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and solution method. The experimental results show that the total travel time cost, total emission cost, and total energy consumption were decreased by about 12.03%, 10.42%, and 9.4%, respectively, in the Nguyen–Dupuis network as a result of implementing the dedicated CAV lanes.

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“…The introduction of CAVs has led to road authorities, municipalities and researchers posing many questions on various issues related to traffic flow, vehicle interaction and safety, among many others. To allow these authorities to prepare for the wider introduction of CAVs and allow industry and science to develop technology and models to study their wider impact, ground‐truths on the real impact of CAVs are required [1, 2]. Traditionally many driving simulator and closed road tests have taken place and have offered good initial insights [3, 4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperative adaptive cruise control and intelligent traffic signal interaction: a field operational test with platooning on a suburban arterial in real traffic

Calvert

Arem

2020

IET intell. transp. syst

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It is becoming increasingly important to gain real-life insights into the effects of vehicle automation with the continued introduction of cooperative and automated vehicles (CAV). This study reports on the findings of a field operational test (FOT) of cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) vehicles on an arterial corridor with other traffic. The FOT demonstrated that that CACC vehicles can operate well under such conditions and can operate in platoons at lower time-headways than human driven vehicles. Platoon disengagement and cut-ins were analysed and showed that although many platoon break-ups are unavoidable, CACC operation was carried out without incident with frequent recoupling of platoons occurring. Most cut-ins occurred near to intersections, where vehicles are required to merge or need to change lanes to turn off the main corridor. It was not possible to derive potential traffic flow improvements from the FOT, due to a limited overall penetration rate and limitations of the intelligent traffic signals. The findings offer greater insights into the performance of CAV technology in a suburban environment and can aid road authorities to prepare infrastructure for the broader introduction of CAVs as well as the development of modelling tools to improve impact analysis of CAVs in urban environments.

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Traffic Flow of Connected and Automated Vehicles: Challenges and Opportunities

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Modeling the Impact of Vehicle Platooning on Highway Congestion

Modeling the Impact of Vehicle Platooning on Highway Congestion

Multiobjective Environmentally Sustainable Optimal Design of Dedicated Connected Autonomous Vehicle Lanes

Cooperative adaptive cruise control and intelligent traffic signal interaction: a field operational test with platooning on a suburban arterial in real traffic

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