Traffic Fatalities, Suicide, and Homicide

Porterfield, Austin L.

doi:10.2307/2089987

Cited by 42 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…However, unlike earlier studies based on experiences in specific countries (such as Brace et al, 2009;Junger et al, 1995a;Junger et al, 2001b;Porterfield, 1960;Sivak, 1983;Sümer, 2003), our study is of a broad sample: EU28 and a full twelve years of research, and shows that this is not a generic relationship but is limited to specific criminal behavior being linked to reckless driving. These are specifically the offense categories of motor vehicle theft and drug trafficking, which closely correlate with traffic accidents.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…According to earlier studies (Brace et al, 2009;Junger et al, 1995a;Junger et al, 2001b;Porterfield, 1960;Sivak, 1983;Sümer, 2003), we may expect a positive correlation between criminal activities and the attitudes of drivers on the road, in the sense of a higher likelihood that they are involved in a fatal RTA. The hypothesis we test here is that levels of social aggression are a predictor of traffic accidents: higher crime rates are associated with more deaths on the roads, bearing in mind the possible influence of the spuriousness thesis supported by scholars such as Junger et al (1995a) and Sivak (1983), as we mentioned in the Introduction above.…”

Section: Insert Table 1]mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Different causal links are explored in the literature, predominantly: between general crimes and traffic offences with an special emphasis in recidivism (Broughton, 2007;Palk et al, 2005;Rose, 2000); between antisocial or negative behavior (homicide, robbery, consumption of alcohol and illicit drugs) and dangerous driving (Everett et al, 1999;Marshall et al, 1996); and to a minor degree, the relationship between general criminal behavior and RTAs (in terms of the number or accidents, fatalities or injury rates) (Giacopassi & Forde, 2000;Porterfield, 1960). Although there is a general consensus on the main theoretical hypotheses that a strong correlation holds, certain authors state that this might be spurious and that the statistical association between crime and RTAs is actually the result of a common causal process related to socioeconomic context (age and sex, risk exposure to accident, income level, unemployment, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are traffic violators criminals? Searching for answers in the experiences of European countries

2015

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Insert Table 1]mentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are traffic violators criminals? Searching for answers in the experiences of European countries

2015

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“…Interestingly, studies have shown that suicides, traffic fatalities, and airplane accidents often increase after well publicized suicides and murders (14)(15)(16)(17). The literature has argued that some portion of traffic fatalities are, in fact, disguised suicides (16,18,19).…”

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confidence: 99%

Terror attacks influence driving behavior in Israel

Stecklov

Goldstein

2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Terror attacks in Israel produce a temporary lull in light accidents followed by a 35% spike in fatal accidents on Israeli roads 3 days after the attack. Our results are based on time-series analysis of Israeli traffic flows, accidents, and terror attacks from January 2001 through June 2002. Whereas prior studies have focused on subjective reports of posttraumatic stress, our study shows a population-level behavioral response to violent terror attacks.

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“…Porterfield (1960) examined data from 60 metropolitan areas for the years 1949-1951 and found that the combined homicide-suicide rates correlated with MVFs. Porterfield argued that the individuals involved in all these fatalities had little regard for themselves or others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The many faces of violence: A theoretical and statistical comparison of homicides, suicides, and motor vehicle fatalities

Nalla

Alvarez

1995

International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justi

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Homicide as a form of lethal violence has occupied a dominant place in criminological research over several decades. Researchers have explained the causes of homicide from various theoretical frameworks. Two other forms of lethal violence, namely suicide and motor vehicle fatalities, have been largely ignored. This study explores the trends in three forms of violent deaths namely, homicide, suicide, and motor vehicle fatalities in Phoenix, Arizona for the period 1950-1988. These three forms of violence have been tested from two dominant theoretical perspectives, namely social disorganization and social conflict. The findings from our study suggest that the social conditions which influence homicide are the same as those that influence other forms of lethal violence.Contemporary criminological research on violence has focused on homicide as a single and unique form of violence, almost to the exclusion of other forms of lethal violence. Most prior research on homicide has used social disorganization and social conflict theories to explain the phenomena. Social disorganization theorists argue that communities with low levels of social integration and high levels of disorganization tend to have high levels of lethal violence. The proponents of social conflict theories argue that societal heterogeneity and economic disparities lead to group competition for scarce resources and antagonistic feeling between groups. Consequently, high levels of inequality and heterogeneity lead to high levels of violence.Homicide as a form of lethal violence is one of the most widely researched topics in criminology and criminal justice. The similarities and relationship between various other expressions of lethal behavior have usually been ignored. We contend that this is an important omission in the study of lethal violence which has resulted in an incomplete understanding of the origins and consequences of lethal violence. In this work we argue that homicide 3 is discrete primarily in definition, not in origin or nature from suicides and motor vehicle fatalities. It is our opinion that these three types of lethal violence have more in common than is generally assumed and outwardly, are different expressions of lethal behavior fostered by the same social conditions. The purpose of this analysis is to explore the relationship between different types of lethal behavior. Further, similarities among the three forms of lethal violence will be examined from two competing theoretical perspectives, namely social disorganization and social conflict.

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Traffic Fatalities, Suicide, and Homicide

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Are traffic violators criminals? Searching for answers in the experiences of European countries

Are traffic violators criminals? Searching for answers in the experiences of European countries

Terror attacks influence driving behavior in Israel

The many faces of violence: A theoretical and statistical comparison of homicides, suicides, and motor vehicle fatalities

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