TRAF6 expression is associated with poorer prognosis and high recurrence in urothelial bladder cancer

Abstract

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical significance of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) expression in urothelial bladder cancer. TRAF6 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in 126 samples of patients with urothelial bladder cancer. The association between clinicopathological factors and TRAF6 expression was analyzed by χ 2 test. The association between TRAF6 expression, overall survival rate and the recurrence-free survival rate was evaluated in univariate analysis with Kaplan-Meier test and in multivariate analysis with Cox-regression model. In the cohort tested, the rate of high TRAF6 expression was 61.9% (78/126). TRAF6 expression was demonstrated to be significantly associated with positive metastasis (P=0.001) with χ 2 test. Furthermore, TRAF6 expression was demonstrated to be associated with overall survival rate (P=0.016) and recurrence-free survival rate (P=0.016). With Cox-regression model, it was indicate that TRAF6 high expression was an independent predictive factor of poor prognosis (P=0.037) and high recurrence (P=0.011). High TRAF6 expression may predict unfavorable prognosis and high recurrence in urothelial bladder cancer, indicating that TRAF6 may be a potential and promising therapeutic target in urothelial bladder cancer.

Inflammatory cytokines in bladder cancer

“…It has been also implied that activation lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR) could result in inflammation‐induced carcinogenesis via upregulation of TNF‐α expression (Shen, Zhou, Zhou, Zhou, & Lin, ). In another study, increased expression of TNF receptor‐associated factor 6 (TRAF6) has been observed in urothelial bladder carcinoma patients and it has been concluded that TRAF6 could lead to the tumor invasion and is an independent factor of relapse/prognosis (H. Wu et al, ). Moreover, Zirakzadeh et al () reported that the effectiveness of doxorubicin in the treatment of BC was partly through downregulation of TNF‐α.…”

The Synergistic Cooperation between TGF-β and Hypoxia in Cancer and Fibrosis

“…The knockdown of PKCζ in three different prostate cancer cell lines in vivo leads to a reduction in tumor growth and metastasis [57]. The role of TRAF6 as an oncogene in cancer has recently emerged, as TRAF6 is amplified in several types of cancer, such as lung carcinoma [58], advanced prostate cancer [59], gastric carcinoma [60] and bladder cancer [61], and promotes angiogenesis and glioblastoma progression [62,63]. For further reading about the oncogenic role of TRAF6 in cancer, see a recent review [64].…”