Traditional Uses, Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Plants from the Genus Sanguisorba L.

Abstract

Plants from the genus Sanguisorba have been treated as medicinal ingredients for over 2000 years. This paper reviews advances in the botanical, phytochemical and pharmacological studies of the genus. To date, more than 120 chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from these plants, especially from S. officinalis and S. minor. Among these compounds, triterpenoids, phenols and flavonoids are the primary biologically active constituents. Triterpenoids can be used as quality control markers to determine the quality of medicinal materials and their preparations. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that plants from the genus Sanguisorba exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties, including hemostatic, antibacterial, antitumor, neuroprotective and hypoglycemic activities. In Chinese medical practice, many drugs (e.g., tablets and powders) that contain S. officinalis roots have been used to treat leukopenia, hemorrhaging and burns. However, there is still a multitude of Sanguisorba species that have garnered little or no attention. Indeed, there are few reports concerning the clinical use and toxic effects of these plants. Further attention should be focused on the study of these species in order to gather information on their respective toxicology data, any relevant quality-control measures, and the clinical value of the crude extracts, active compounds, and bioactive metabolites from Genus Sanguisorba.

Protective effects of Sanguisorba minor and Ferulago angulata total extracts against beta-amyloid induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in cultured cerebellar granule neurons

“…Our results indicated that S. minor and F. angulata extracts had 11.06 ± 0.55 and 2.11 ± 0.08 mg/g dried extract total phenol contents, respectively. This finding indicated that S. minor has a high level of phenolic compounds which is in agreement with a previous study (20). Sanguisorba species have potent antioxidant activities and some studies have reported the neuroprotective effects for plants of this species.…”

“…Among these compounds, phenols and flavonoids are responsible for the antioxidant properties of these plants. Gallic acid, quercetin and ellagic acid are polyphenolic compounds isolated from S. minor extract (20). These polyphenolic compounds have neuroprotective activity and protect cultured neurons and brain tissue against oxidative damages caused by Aβ peptide (37)(38)(39).…”

“…Studies have indicated that Sanguisorba spp. extracts inhibit AChE activity and the glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3) (19,20). Both of these enzymes have important roles in AD (21).…”

Characterization of Secondary Metabolites in Flowers of Sanguisorba officinalisL. by HPLC‐DAD‐MSn and GC/MS

“…S. officinalis has been used as medicinal plant for more than 2000 years. Among others, it is a typical traditional Chinese medicinal plant, which is called Di‐Yu (in Chinese) and Zi‐Yu (in Korean) . Especially the roots and the herbal parts have been used to treat burns, hematemesis, asthma, intestinal infections and dermatitis .…”

Ecotoxicants Content of Sanguisorba officinalis L., Growing on Mining Disturbed Lands of Kemerovo Region

“…They are used as astringent for gastrointestinal diseases (enterocolitis, diarrhea of various etiologies), as hemostatic for bleeding, for gargling, for the treatment of stomatitis and gingivitis, in cosmetology, etc. [3,4].…”