Traditional uses, chemical components and pharmacological activities of the genus <i>Ganoderma</i> P. Karst.: a review

Wang, Li; Li, Jieqing; Zhang, Ji; Li, Zhimin; Liu, Honggao; Wang, Yuanzhong

doi:10.1039/d0ra07219b

Cited by 81 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…They are most popular in Asia, especially in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). These species are also used traditionally in some West African countries, such as Nigeria, for treating skin diseases, hypertension, and digestive disorders [ 2 , 3 ]. Scientific research has confirmed the broad-spectrum effects of isolated compounds and extracts from Ganoderma spp., e.g., antitumor, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, hypotensive, antimicrobial, antiviral, and antimalarial effect [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity and Mycochemical Profile of Extracts from Mycelial Cultures of Ganoderma spp.

et al. 2022

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Fungal mycelium cultures are an alternative to natural sources in order to obtain valuable research materials. They also enable constant control and adaptation of the process, thereby leading to increased biomass growth and accumulation of bioactive metabolites. The present study aims to assess the biosynthetic potential of mycelial cultures of six Ganoderma species: G. adspersum, G. applanatum, G. carnosum, G. lucidum, G. pfeifferi, and G. resinaceum. The presence of phenolic acids, amino acids, indole compounds, sterols, and kojic acid in biomass extracts was determined by HPLC. The antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the extracts and their effects on the inhibition of selected enzymes (tyrosinase and acetylcholinesterase) were also evaluated. The total content of phenolic acids in the extracts ranged from 5.8 (G. carnosum) to 114.07 mg/100 g dry weight (d.w.) (G. pfeifferi). The total content of indole compounds in the extracts ranged from 3.03 (G. carnosum) to 11.56 mg/100 g d.w. (G. lucidum) and that of ergosterol ranged from 28.15 (G. applanatum) to 74.78 mg/100 g d.w. (G. adspersum). Kojic acid was found in the extracts of G. applanatum and G. lucidum. The tested extracts showed significant antioxidant activity. The results suggest that the analyzed mycelial cultures are promising candidates for the development of new dietary supplements or pharmaceutical preparations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity and Mycochemical Profile of Extracts from Mycelial Cultures of Ganoderma spp.

et al. 2022

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ganoderma is not only a famous Chinese medicine, it is also used globally as a food, in the form of tea, coffee and other beverages, and in syrups and dietary supplements ( Wang et al, 2020 ; Kumar, 2021 ). Polysaccharides and triterpenoids are representative of the important biologically active components of Ganoderma ( Wang et al, 2020 ). Recent ongoing research studies exploring Ganoderma demonstrated that it contains meroterpenoid components that possess extensive biological activities, such as renal protection and neuroprotection, anti-inflammation, -tumor and -oxidation properties, and analgesic effects ( Jiang et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terminal Cyclohexane-Type Meroterpenoids from the Fruiting Bodies of Ganoderma cochlear

Qin

et al. 2021

Front. Chem.

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Eleven new cyclohexane-type meroterpenoids (1, 3–5, 7, 8, 11–15) and four known similar meroterpenoids (2, 6, 9, and 10) were isolated from Ganoderma cochlear. Their structures and absolute configurations at stereogenic centers were elucidated by using HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopy and computational methods. In addition, the structure of the known meroterpenoid, cochlearol G (2), was revised, and the absolute configurations at the stereogenic centers of known meroterpenoids 9 and 10 were determined. All the isolated meroterpenoids were evaluated for their activities against renal fibrosis and triple negative breast cancer, and their insulin resistance. The results of the renal fibrosis study showed that meroterpenoid 11 inhibits over-expression of fibronectin, collagen I and α-SMA. Results of the wound healing study revealed that 4, 6 and 8 significantly inhibit migration of BT549 cells. Observations made in Western blotting experiments showed that 6 decreases the levels of TWIST1 and ZEB1, and increases the level of E-cadherin. Finally, meroterpenoids 7, 9, 11, and 15 significantly up-regulate p-AMPK protein expression in normal L6 myotubes cells.

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“…7,8 These compounds have significant anti-oxidation, liver protection, anti-cancer, anti-virus, immune regulation and other effects. [9][10][11] Therefore, identifying the species of wild mushrooms plays an important role in food safety and value evaluation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verified the rapid evaluation of the edible safety of wild porcini mushrooms, using deep learning and PLS‐DA

Wang

Liu

et al. 2021

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND: How to quickly identify poisonous mushrooms is a worldwide problem, because poisonous mushrooms and edible mushrooms have very similar appearances. Even some edible mushrooms must be processed further before they can be eaten. In addition, mushrooms from different geographical origins contain different levels of heavy metals. Eating frequent mushrooms with excessive heavy metal content can also cause food poisoning. This information is very important and needs to be informed to consumers in advance. Through the demand for the safety of porcini mushrooms in the Yunnan area we propose a hierarchical identification system based on Fourier-transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy to evaluate the edible safety of porcini species. RESULTS: We found that deep learning is the most effective means to identify the edible safety of porcini, and the recognition accuracy was 100%, by comparing two pattern recognition tools, deep learning and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Although the accuracy of the PLS-DA test set is 96.10%, the poisonous porcini is not allowed to be wrongly judged. In addition, the cadmium (Cd) content of Leccinum rugosiceps in the Midu area exceeded the standard. Deep learning can trace Le. rugosiceps geographic origin with an accuracy of 100%.CONCLUSION: The overall results show that deep learning methods based on FT-NIR can identify porcini that is at risk of being eaten. This has useful application prospects in food safety.

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Traditional uses, chemical components and pharmacological activities of the genus Ganoderma P. Karst.: a review

Abstract: In recent years, some natural products isolated from the fungus of the genus Ganoderma have been found to have anti-tumor, liver protection, anti-inflammatory, immune regulation, anti-oxidation, anti-viral, anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects.

Cited by 81 publications

References 94 publications

Bioactivity and Mycochemical Profile of Extracts from Mycelial Cultures of Ganoderma spp.

Bioactivity and Mycochemical Profile of Extracts from Mycelial Cultures of Ganoderma spp.

Terminal Cyclohexane-Type Meroterpenoids from the Fruiting Bodies of Ganoderma cochlear

Verified the rapid evaluation of the edible safety of wild porcini mushrooms, using deep learning and PLS‐DA

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