Traditional Norms, Access to Divorce and Women's Empowerment

Bargain, Olivier; Loper, Jordan; Ziparo, Roberta

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4141996

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…At the same time, our analyses help to situate the post‐Soviet marital norms and realities within the broad body of cross‐national scholarship on enduring yet evolving linguo‐cultural colonial legacies (e.g., Chew, 2014; Hashmi, 2020; Mazrui & Mazrui, 1993; Ng & Cavallaro, 2019; van der Walt & Evans, 2017). Finally, our analyses dialogue with the literature highlighting the roots and expressions of ethnic distinctions in marital attitudes and practices that are not reducible to conventional markers of traditionalism versus modernity (e.g., Arnaldo, 2004; Bargain et al, 2022; Buttenheim & Nobles, 2009; Hosseini & Erfani, 2014; Saify & Saadat, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Under this framework, language proficiency and use are important markers of societal positioning, which, in turn, translates to normative repertoires and preferences, and corresponding actions. Notably, while these markers are inevitably connected to more conventional predictors of normative attitudes and choices, such as education, urbanicity, or religiosity, they are not reducible to these conventional factors as ethnolinguistic identities have more complex origins, mechanisms, and trajectories, paralleling the reality of other non‐Western contexts (see e.g., Arnaldo, 2004; Bargain et al, 2022; Buttenheim & Nobles, 2009; Hosseini & Erfani, 2014; Saify & Saadat, 2012).…”

Section: Conceptualizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the earlier cited study in Indonesia by Buttenheim and Nobles (2009), traditional norms regarding age at marriage and post‐marriage residence varied significantly across ethnic groups irrespective of other factors. Ethnic differences in rates of marital dissolution can often be traced to matrilineal/matrilocal versus patrilineal/patrilocal traditional norms, the former being associated with a higher probability of divorce (e.g., Arnaldo, 2004; Bargain et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Societal transitions, ethnolinguistic identities, and marital conservatism in Central Asia

Agadjanian,

Nedoluzhko

2023

J of Marriage and Family

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ObjectiveThe study deploys an ethnolinguistic conceptual framework to examine variations in different dimensions of marital conservatism in the Kyrgyz Republic, a post‐Soviet nation in Central Asia, focusing on enduring, yet evolving, Russian linguo‐cultural influence.BackgroundThe global transformation of family and marriage systems has produced diverse local normative patterns that are historically rooted but are also reflective of context‐specific contemporary socio‐cultural, political, and economic transitions. The study investigates these patterns in a multi‐ethnic setting where Soviet‐era legacies, culturally pivoted on the use of the Russian language, have combined with post‐Soviet exposure to both Western influences and rising neo‐traditionalism.MethodThe study uses data from two rounds of a nationally representative cross‐sectional household‐based survey, with each round including standardized interviews with over 2000 men and women aged 18–49. Multi‐level regression models are fitted to predict ethnolinguistic variations in attitudes toward premarital chastity, optimal marriage age, support for parental preeminence in marital decisions, support for ethnic endogamy, and opposition to divorce, while accounting for universal correlates of marital conservatism, such as education, religiosity, and urbanicity. For most outcomes, the analyses examine separately how these attitudes apply to women versus men.ResultsThe results demonstrate the persistent normative imprints of the Russian linguistic and cultural influence but also instructive variations in them across the specific outcomes. They also suggest an overall rise in some aspects of marital conservatism.ConclusionThe findings elucidate the unique multidimensional complexities of family and marital change in transitional Eurasia, yet also its similarities with other post‐colonial contexts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Conceptualizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Societal transitions, ethnolinguistic identities, and marital conservatism in Central Asia

Agadjanian,

Nedoluzhko

2023

J of Marriage and Family

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“…Lastly, gender-based differences in the right and ability to initiate divorce (and remarry) potentially have a strong effect on women and men's bargaining power in marriage (Scelza, 2013). Bargaining power derived from a favourable mating market can be nullified if the costs of divorce are high, for example because of legal restrictions or social stigma on divorce (Bargain et al, 2020), and normative restrictions on women's ability to initiate divorce are more common than on men's (Broude & Greene, 1983). In most countries women and men legally have equal access to divorce, but restricted unilateral or fault-based divorce laws in some pose limits on divorce that may disproportionately affect women's ability to leave their husbands.…”

Section: Gender Norms Affect Freedom Of Choice In a Way That Can Over...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex ratios and gender norms: why both are needed to understand sexual conflict in humans

Hagen,

Scelza

2024

Evolut. Hum. Sci.

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Sexual conflict theory has been successfully applied to predict how in non-human animal populations, sex ratios can lead to conflicting reproductive interests of females and males and affect their bargaining positions in resolving such conflicts of interests. Recently this theory has been extended to understand the resolution of sexual conflict in humans, but with mixed success. We argue that an underappreciation of the complex relationship between gender norms and sex ratios has hampered a successful understanding of sexual conflict in humans. In this paper, we review and expand upon existing theory to increase its applicability to humans, where gender norms regulate sex ratio-effects on sexual conflict. Gender norms constrain who is on the marriage market, how they are valued, and may affect reproductive decision-making power. Gender norms can also directly affect sex ratios, and we hypothesize that they structure how individuals respond to market value gained or lost through biased sex ratios. Importantly, gender norms are in part a product of women's and men's sometimes conflicting reproductive interests, but these norms are also subject to other evolutionary processes. An integration of sexual conflict theory and cultural evolutionary theory is required to allow for a full understanding of sexual conflict in humans.

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“…Many existing studies analyze links between cultural practices and gender inequality in terms of various economic and social dimensions, including education outcomes (Ashraf et al, 2020), employment (Lowes & Nunn, 2017;Rammohan & Johar, 2009), wages, and access to productive resources, pensions, and government transfers (Bargain et al, 2022;Bau, 2021;Collins et al, 2022). However, relatively few studies look at links between cultural practices and nutrition outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Kinship and Marriage Customs Influence Nutritional Outcomes Among Males and Females

Elmira,

Beyene Chichaibelu,

Qaim

2024

SSRN Journal

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Traditional Norms, Access to Divorce and Women's Empowerment

Cited by 5 publications

References 46 publications

Societal transitions, ethnolinguistic identities, and marital conservatism in Central Asia

Societal transitions, ethnolinguistic identities, and marital conservatism in Central Asia

Sex ratios and gender norms: why both are needed to understand sexual conflict in humans

How Kinship and Marriage Customs Influence Nutritional Outcomes Among Males and Females

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