Traditional knowledge on poisonous plants of Udhampur district of Jammu and Kashmir, India

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“…The presence of c-and o-glycosides and proteins, ceramides, Vitamins, minerals, lignans, caffeic acid derivative compounds, and high content of phenolic acids including benzoic acids, cinnamic acids, flavonoid, coumarins, phytosterols 27,28 . The leaves are rich in Vitamins B, C, K and minerals such as calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and sodium 29 . The carotenoid such as β-carotene, hydroxy-β-carotene, lutoxanthin, lutein epoxide and violaxanthin are reported 30 .…”

“…The compounds responsible for the burning sensation properties of leaf trichomes are acetylcholine, histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), leukotrienes and formic acid 29,38,39 . The main components of essential oil of U. dioica seeds are carvacrol (38.2%), carvone (9.0%), naphthalene (8.9%), (E)-anethol (4.7%), hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (3.0%), (E)-geranyl acetone (2.9%), (E)-β-ionone (2.8%) and phytol (2.7%) 17 .…”

Antioxidant Capacity and Acute Testicular Toxicity of Leucaena leucocephala Aqueous Shoot Tips Plus Young Leaves Extracts

“…The radical scavenging activity of LL-spl extracts was determined by using a DPPH assay as previously described (Iamsaard et al, 2014;Brand-Williams et al, 1995). Briefly, the distilled water-diluted solution of each LL-spl extract (10, 20, or 40 min) was prepared from a concentrated extract stock into five concentrations (7,12,19,25,32,38, and 44 µg/mL, respectively) to complete a concentration plot.…”

“…Adversely, it is very well known that this plant is toxic to cattle animals (Anderson et al, 2001;Hammond, 1995) and used as an antifertility agent in traditional medicine. The domestic or wild animals that consumed the fresh LL leaves in large amounts would have infertility problems and eventually suffer death (Bhatia et al, 2014;Clément et al, 2012;Wayman et al, 1970). Possibly, it was reported that all parts of LL contain the mimosine, a natural toxin proven to have anti cancer activities, cell divisions, cell proliferations and differentiations (Chang et al;Wang et al, 1995;Krude, 1999;Hughes & Cook, 1966).…”

THC (Δ9‐Tetrahydrocannabinol) Exerts Neuroprotective Effect in Glutamate‐affected Murine Primary Mesencephalic Cultures Through Restoring Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Anti‐apoptosis Involving CB1 Receptor‐dependent Mechanism

“…The use of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) deriving from Cannabis sativa L. started around 5000 years ago in Northeast and Central Asia and is currently spreading worldwide. Besides providing a source of fiber, food, oil, and inebriant, the psychoactive effects are utilized in various cultures, among others, western societies, the Caribbean (ganja), the Maghrib (kif), or India (bhang) (Bhatia et al, 2014;Hazekamp et al, 2007;Merzouki and Mesa, 2002). THC is traditionally used against fever, cold, and stress (Hazekamp et al, 2007) and indigestion and inflammation (Ijaz et al, 2016) and used to improve night vision of C. sativa L. smokers in northern Morocco (Russo et al, 2004).…”