Traditional forest knowledge and sustainable forestry: A north-east India perspective

Ramakrishnan, P. S.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2007.04.001

Cited by 76 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Notably, many people say prayers and observe rituals for protecting their crops in Africa [54]. In Northeastern India, the soil and vegetation management practices have been developed over generations by local communities to enhance soil fertility and minimize soil erosion [78]. Boon and Ahenkan [20] reported that Sui River Forest Reserve communities adopted different strategies, such as tree planting and NTFPS farming, high yielding and drought resistance varieties of species, practice of the "Taungya System," a form of agrisilviculture, or farm forestry, whereby cultivate agricultural crops during the early stages of forest plantation establishment, and rainwater harvesting, that minimize the impacts of climate change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest Dependent Indigenous Communities’ Perception and Adaptation to Climate Change through Local Knowledge in the Protected Area—A Bangladesh Case Study

Rahman¹,

Alam²

2016

Climate

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Forest-dependent indigenous communities rely on natural resources for their livelihoods, but those are currently under threat due to many factors, including the adverse impact of climate change. The present study looks into climate change-related perception and adaptation strategies of three forest-dependent indigenous communities, namely, Khasia, Tripura and Garo in the Lawachara National Park of Northeastern Bangladesh. Household surveys, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and observation methods were used to unveil the climatic events, impacts and related adaptations. The events include the change in temperature and rainfall patterns, landslide, soil erosion and flash flood, heavy cold and fog, and natural calamities. Moreover, livelihood problems emanating from these events are the drying up of streams and wells, irregular rainfall, increased dieback and mortality of seedlings, pests, diseases, and the attack of crops by wild animals. Likewise, the reduction of soil moisture content, growing season and crop productivity, landslides, damage of roads and culverts, and increased human diseases are common. This study recognized 29 adaptation strategies and divided them into six management categories, drawing on their local knowledge of the natural resources and other technologies. The study reveals that, although adaptation strategies through land use and land cover changes are not enough to sustain their livelihoods, the tactics help them to reduce the risk of, and increase food security and community resilience against, climate change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest Dependent Indigenous Communities’ Perception and Adaptation to Climate Change through Local Knowledge in the Protected Area—A Bangladesh Case Study

Rahman¹,

Alam²

2016

Climate

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“…Unfortunately, the practices of traditional forest management are still at the concept stage and have not yet reached the implementation. Ramakrishnan et al (2007). Further Siry et al (2005) stated that Indigenous communities such as Dayak in West Kalimantan have been historically wise stewards of forests and located in regions with the highest diversity of indigenous cultures and associated with traditional knowledge of land management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Sustainable Cultural Landscapes in West Kalimantan

Wicaksono¹,

Nakagoshi²

2012

Agrivita.J.Agr.Sci

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This research focuses on investigating West Kalimantan's traditional landscapes, shifting cultivation pattern, and comparing the forest dependency of several ethnic groups.After conducting remote sensing and geographical information system techniques based on the satellite images LANDSAT-TM in West Kalimantan from 1996 to 2006, the decrease of primary dry tropical forest from 36.4% to 15.9% and a little increase of agriculture land from 44.8% to 45.1% were detected. West Kalimantan's traditional landscape is a combination of primary forest, shifting dry rice-field, rubber plantation, fruits garden and home garden, meanwhile new landscape managed by migrants mainly consist of permanent wet land rice-field, dry land rice, and crop fields. The decreasing forest area forces the native people to shorten the shifting cultivation cycle or to turn to permanent agriculture with the low yield. This situation is the result in the more primary forest clearing for agriculture usage by native people and migrants. It is clear that the traditional landscape of West Kalimantan is particularly dependent upon its most vital element, the forest. Yet, traditional landscape representing the regeneration cycle of forest in West Kalimantan was constrained by changes in managed and modern landscape.

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“…Though many studies have been conducted on the impacts of tourism development on local resident attitudes towards environmental conservation (e.g., Mehta & Kellert, 1998;Sekhar, 2003;Walpole & Goodwin, 2001), they do not distinguish between local resident attitudes to the environment and their attitudes about protected area management. Many scholars state that tourism development reduces local people-park conflicts which, in turn, positively affects their attitudes towards environmental conservation (Alexander, 2000;Allendorf et al, 2006;Newmark, Leonard, Sariko, & Deo-gratias, 1993;Ormsby & Kaplin, 2005;Ramakrishnan, 2007)..…”

Section: Significance Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, local resident attitudes towards the environment and conservation and their attitudes towards PAM might be different (Allendorf et al, 2006;Ramakrishnan, 2007) which may lead to undertaking different conservation activities. In studying people's connections with nature, Schultz, Shriver, Tabanico, and Khazian (2004) suggested that there is a connection between attitudes towards the environment and attitudes towards environmental issues.…”

Section: Attitudes Towards the Environment And Protected Area Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, no research to date has compared the attitudes of local people towards the environment at the different stages of pre-and early tourism development. Furthermore, research in environmental studies indicates that attitudes to the environment may differ from attitudes to protected area management (Alexander, 2000;Allendorf et al, 2006;Ormsby & Kaplin, 2005;Ramakrishnan, 2007). This interesting distinction has not yet been made in tourism studies investigating the 'environmental' attitudes of local people in tourism destinations.…”

Section: Research Gaps Aim and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental protection and local resident attitudes at early stages of tourism development

Rastegar¹

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In many developing countries, there are protected areas with very strong natural resources and tourism development potential but in a poor conservation condition. Many of these areas are at pre or early stages of tourism development. These protected areas face problems including shortages of financial resources and park staff, and difficulty in enforcing conservation laws. Strict conservation laws have limited local residents' access to the natural resources and created problems such as increased poaching, habitat destruction and local people-park conflicts. This study adopts a case study approach, choosing two villages in rural Iran that are located near protected areas, one with no tourism and one at the early stage of tourism. Both these villages are experiencing challenges in striving for environmental protection and community development in a remote area of the country.There is a growing body of literature that recognises the importance of local resident attitudes and local people-park relationship roles in achieving both conservation goals and sustainable tourism development in and around protected areas. It is also suggested that incentives from tourism have a pivotal role in positively affecting local resident attitudes to the environment and consequently their behaviour.However, a challenge in the tourism literature is that most of the studies on local resident attitudes to the environment were conducted at a certain stage of development and their results cannot be applied to other stages. Although the literature indicates that tourism revenues improve local resident attitudes towards the environment and conservation, with no study comparing attitudes before and after tourism development, it is unclear whether these positive attitudes are due to tourism benefits or whether the local resident attitudes were positive even before tourism development.It is also widely discussed and hypothesised in the tourism literature that people with positive environmental attitudes are more likely to support environmental conservation activities.Local resident attitudes towards conservation have generally been studied as a single variable in the tourism literature. Importantly the environmental literature suggests that local resident attitudes towards environmental conservation and their attitudes towards protected area management might be different and a distinction has been made in studying these attitudes as separate variables.Consequently, this study aims to investigate the differences between local resident attitudes towards the environment, protected area management (PAM) and tourism at two early stages of tourism development by comparing attitudes in a community that has no prior experience of tourism and a community at an early stage of tourism development. This involved developing six ii hypotheses to assess the association between the three variables within and across a non-tourism setting and a setting with some tourism development in the two case study villages.A survey instrument was designed to mea...

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Traditional forest knowledge and sustainable forestry: A north-east India perspective

Cited by 76 publications

References 21 publications

Forest Dependent Indigenous Communities’ Perception and Adaptation to Climate Change through Local Knowledge in the Protected Area—A Bangladesh Case Study

Forest Dependent Indigenous Communities’ Perception and Adaptation to Climate Change through Local Knowledge in the Protected Area—A Bangladesh Case Study

Development of Sustainable Cultural Landscapes in West Kalimantan

Environmental protection and local resident attitudes at early stages of tourism development

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