Traditional Cantonese diet and nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk: a large-scale case-control study in Guangdong, China

Abstract

BackgroundNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is rare in most parts of the world but is a common malignancy in southern China, especially in Guangdong. Dietary habit is regarded as an important modifier of NPC risk in several endemic areas and may partially explain the geographic distribution of NPC incidence. In China, rapid economic development during the past few decades has changed the predominant lifestyle and dietary habits of the Chinese considerably, requiring a reassessment of diet and its potential influence on NPC risk in this NPC-endemic area.MethodsTo evaluate the association between dietary factors and NPC risk in Guangdong, China, a large-scale, hospital-based case-control study was conducted. 1387 eligible cases and 1459 frequency matched controls were recruited. Odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a logistic regression model, adjusting for age, sex, education, dialect, and habitation household type.ResultsObservations made include the following: 1) consumption of canton-style salted fish, preserved vegetables and preserved/cured meat were significantly associated with increased risk of NPC, with enhanced odds ratios (OR) of 2.45 (95% CI: 2.03-2.94), 3.17(95% CI: 2.68-3.77) and 2.09 (95% CI: 1.22-3.60) respectively in the highest intake frequency stratum during childhood; 2) consumption of fresh fruit was associated with reduced risk with a dose-dependent relationship (p = 0.001); and 3) consumption of Canton-style herbal tea and herbal slow-cooked soup was associated with decreased risk, with ORs of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.68-1.03) and 0.58 (95% CI: 0.47-0.72) respectively in the highest intake frequency stratum. In multivariate analyses, these associations remained significant.ConclusionsIt can be inferred that previously established dietary risk factors in the Cantonese population are still stable and have contributed to the incidence of NPC.

Genomic Analysis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Reveals TME-Based Subtypes

“…The prevalence of NPC is skewed geographically with South-East Asia, the middle East, and Northern Africa being disproportionately affected (3). Epidemiologic factors associated with NPC include tobacco (4) and alcohol use (5), consumption of salt-preserved foods (6,7), and smoke inhalation from cooking fires (8,9). A pathologic classification of the disease into keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma, nonkeratinizing (differentiated and undifferentiated), and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma has been proposed (10).…”

ABO Blood Group, Epstein-Barr virus Infection and Prognosis of Patients with Non-metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

“…Several factors have been proved to enhance the risk of NPC, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), smoking, alcohol consumption, salt-preserved foods and family history of cancer, etc (Chien et al, 2001;Jia et al, 2010;Ji et al, 2011;Hashim et al, 2012).…”

“…Several factors have been proved to enhance the risk of NPC, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), smoking, alcohol consumption, salt-preserved foods and family history of cancer, etc (Chien et al, 2001;Jia et al, 2010;Ji et al, 2011;Hashim et al, 2012).Extensive investigations have showed that the ABO blood group might be associated with risk to certain malignancies (Iodice et al, 2010;Gates et al, 2011;Joh et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2014). A previous study suggested that blood type A or AB was associated with an increased risk of NPC and male patients with blood group A had higher rates of distant …”

Association between p53 codon 72 polymorphisms and clinical outcome of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

“…EpsteinBarr virus infection, tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, and occupational exposure to wood dust, as well as high salt consumption, play an important role in NPC development (Hildesheim et al, 2001;Jia et al, 2010;Polesel et al, 2011;Fachiroh et al, 2012;Song and Yang, 2013). Because 80% of NPC cases are diagnosed late because of the deep location of the suspected tumor and non-specificity of initial symptoms, the survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is poor (Xi et al, 2013).…”