Traditional Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Filipina Americans Compared with Chinese and Japanese Americans in Los Angeles County

Abstract

Background Filipina Americans have one of the highest breast cancer incidence rates among Asian Americans for poorly understood reasons. Methods Breast cancer risk factors were investigated in a population-based study of Filipina (790 cases, 587 controls), Japanese (543 cases, 510 controls), and Chinese (913 cases, 904 controls) Americans; cases were identified by the Los Angeles County Cancer Surveillance Program and controls were matched to cases on age, ethnicity, and neighborhood. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was performed by Asian ethnicity. Results In Filipina, Chinese, and Japanese Americans, breast cancer risk decreased significantly with increasing parity (all P trends <0.0001). Breast cancer risk increased with increasing quartiles of cumulative menstrual months in premenopausal (P trend =0.019) and postmenopausal Filipina (P trend=0.008), in premenopausal (P trend=0.0003) but not postmenopausal Chinese (P trend=0.79), and in neither premenopausal (P trend=0.092) nor postmenopausal (P trend=0.75) Japanese Americans. For postmenopausal Filipina and Japanese, greater weight gain since age 18 (P trend =0.019 and 0.053 respectively), high current body mass index (both P trend<0.01), and greater waist circumferences (both P trend <0.04) were statistically significant; these associations were weaker for postmenopausal Chinese women. Conclusions Cumulative menstrual months and body size factors were statistically significant risk factors for Filipina. Total menstrual months were associated with breast cancer among Chinese but not for Japanese, while body size factors were significantly associated with risk among Japanese but not among Chinese. Impact Characterization of breast cancer risk factors in Filipina will help to generate hypotheses for their high breast cancer incidence.

Determinants of prolactin in postmenopausal Chinese women in Singapore

“…The positive association between the cumulative number of menstrual cycles and breast cancer risk has been observed in Whites [51, 52], and Asian Americans [53]. We observed that women in the highest quartile, with 40.5 or more years between menarche and menopause had statistically significant higher prolactin levels, compared with women in the lowest quartile with fewer than 34.5 years.…”

Metabolic conditions and breast cancer risk among Los Angeles County Filipina Americans compared with Chinese and Japanese Americans

“…Yes treatment means for any 1 of the 3 conditions; no treatment means no for all 3 conditions. 6 There were no changes in ORs with further adjustment for alcohol intake (never, former and current) for none, 1, 2, 3 conditions combined (ORs were 1.00, 1.12 (0.96, 1.30), 1.42 (1.13, 1.78) and…”

“…As we have previously reported, Filipina women have one of the highest breast cancer incidence rates in Asia and among Asian Americans for poorly understood reasons. Breast cancer risk factors varied in their magnitude in Asian ethnic subgroups and body size risk factors were more prominently associated with risk in postmenopausal Filipina and Japanese Americans than in Chinese Americans …”

“…Breast cancer risk factors varied in their magnitude in Asian ethnic subgroups and body size risk factors were more prominently associated with risk in postmenopausal Filipina and Japanese Americans than in Chinese Americans. 6 We conducted a comprehensive analysis of breast cancer risk and physician-diagnosed metabolic conditions (HBP, diabetes and high cholesterol) separately and in combination, among Filipina, Japanese and Chinese Americans in a population-based case-control study in Los Angeles (LA) County. We investigated risk patterns by menopausal status, Asian ethnicity and migration status, with adjustment for BMI and other potential confounders.…”

The Characteristics Comparison of Breast Cancer Patients in Southern China and America: A Multicentre Study in China Versus SEER Database

“…Sung H et al suggested that with the widespread assimilation of western lifestyles, the incidence of BC in China is narrowing gradually [20]. Wu AH et al reported that the incidence of BC in Filipino people is signi cantly higher than that in Japan and China [21]. Zhang G et al found that compared with the white, the expression of TP53 and AKT1 is higher in Chinese, which may be a potential factor affecting the incidence of BC [22].…”