Tradisi dan Lingkungan Sosial Memengaruhi Dukungan Menyusui pada Bayi Berat Badan Lahir Rendah di Kota Malang

Abstract

AbstrakBerat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) merupakan salah satu penyebab utamakematian bayi di dunia. World Health Organization tahun 2003 telah merekomendasikan menyusui sebagai salah satu penanganan BBLR. Namun, ibu yang memiliki bayi BBLR mengalami kesulitan di awal persalinan. Selain itu, menyusui di Indonesia juga dipengaruhi oleh sosial dan budaya yang dipercayai sehingga memengaruhi keputusan ibu untuk memilih tetap menyusui atau tidak sama sekali di periode awal postpartum. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi makna pengalaman ibu untuk tetap menyusui bayi dengan BBLR. Penelitian kualitatif ini dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Tujuh orang partisipan adalah ibu yang pernah menyusui bayi BBLR. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam semiterstruktur, observasi, dan data sekunder pada bulan Mei – Juni 2015. Analisis data menggunakan metode Colaizzi tahun 1978. Ditemukan empat tema, yaitu pengenalan menyusui sejak dini untuk bayi BBLR, pemberian makanan pendamping air susu ibu dini sebagai alternatif dalam mengatasi kesulitan menyusui, tradisi yang dipercayai, dan lingkungan sosial memengaruhi dukungan bagi ibu menyusui serta menerima menyusui sebagai bagian dari kodrat seorang perempuan. Menyusui bayi BBLR memiliki tingkat kesulitan yang tinggi serta adanya tradisi yang dipercayai keluarga dan pengaruh lingkungan sosial sangat memengaruhi dukungan yang diberikan kepada ibu dalam menyusui.Tradition and Social Environment Influence Breastfeeding Support on LowBirth Weight in MalangAbstractLow birthweight (LBW) is one of main causes of infant mortality in the world. World Health Organization in 2003 had recommended breastfeeding for LBW handling. However, LBW mothers face many difficulties during early postpartum period. Moreover, breastfeeding in Indonesia is also influenced by social and cultural belief, so it may influence mothers’ decision whether remain breastfeeding or not in early postpartum period. This study aimed to explore the meaning of the experience of mothers to remain breastfeeding their LBW infants. This qualitative study was conducted using phenomenological approach. Seven participants were mothers ever breastfeeding their LBW infants. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interview, observation and secondary data on May – June 2015. Data analysis used Colaizzi method (1978). There were four themes found namely introduction of breastfeeding since early for LBW infants, granting of early complementary feeding as an alternative to overcome breastfeeding problem, cultural belief and social environment influencing support for breastfeeding mothers as well as accepting breastfeeding as the very nature of woman. Breastfeeding LBW infants has higher difficulty le-vel, also any tradition family believe and social environment really affect support given to mothers in breastfeeding.

Knowledge and Practice of Informal Religious Leaders in Referring Tuberculosis Suspects to Visit Public Health Center

“…In this study, IRL provided information support related to TB causes, symptoms, examinations, transmission and treatment to TB suspects. Support from influential people in the community was effective in encouraging individuals to practice healthy behavior [30], [31]. This can be proven from the research results in which IRL had increased the number of sputum examinations in suspected TB cases at PHCs.…”