For the new round of WTO multilateral trade liberalisation
negotiations to be successful, the world will need to be more
enthusiastic and flexible about opening markets. Partisans will need to
submerge their self-interests, and the U.S. will need to take the
initiative for more open markets. This paper makes the case that only
modest changes in the U.S. domestic grain, oilseed, and cotton
programmes are needed for compatibility with global free trade. The
Federal Agricultural Improvement and Reform (FAIR) Act of 1996 and
related policy changes in the 1990s brought fundamental reforms
compatible with freer domestic and foreign markets. Chief among these
were a shift from coupled deficiency payments to decoupled direct
payments, an end to supply management, and less engagement of government
in commodity stock accumulation and export subsidies. Converting
commodity price support to recourse loans while ending all but
administrative cost subsidies to crop insurance would go far to
liberalise grain, oilseed, and cotton policies. Unilateral termination
of commodity programmes including direct payments totalling 42 percent
of net cash farm income in year 2000 would appear to be traumatic to
producers. However, reduction of direct payments could be offset (for
farm income) by rising farm commodity prices and receipts resulting from
(1) less farm output attending lower loan rates and crop insurance
subsidies, and (2) world farm commodity price-enhancement from freer
global trade.