The paper is a comparative study on Chinese and South Korean foreign direct investment (FDI) in Poland. The comparison is presented in the broader context of Poland's systemic transformation and the accession to the European Union, and comprises the FDI inflows into Poland. The characteristics of Chinese and South Korean companies operating in Poland include their entry strategies and motives of investment. A special attention is paid to linkages between FDI trends and trade, given a huge Poland's trade deficit with Asian countries. The paper also analyses the incentives used by the Polish government and local authorities to increase Poland's attractiveness as a location for foreign investors, mostly tax preferences in the economic special zones.