Trade-offs among ecosystem services under different pinion harvesting intensities in Brazilian Araucaria Forests

Abstract

Assessing the consequences of human exploitation at different intensities on ecosystem services is important in the Brazilian Araucaria Forest biome, because it has been drastically reduced, mainly due to the exploitation of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze for wood. The inclusion of A. angustifolia on the list of Brazilian endangered plant species places the harvesting of Araucaria nuts as the most important provisioning service in this type of ecosystem. The aim of this study was to determine the trade-offs related to provisioning, supporting and regulating ecosystem services in the Araucaria Forest at different intensities of nut harvesting, by addressing ecosystem attributes that assure forest sustainability. Six indicators of ecosystem services were evaluated in harvested and non-harvested areas in Brazilian Araucaria Forest fragments. Trade-offs were examined under five harvesting intensities. The supporting services were the most sensitive to the harvesting intensity. The results indicate that a harvesting threshold of between 60% and 85% of the nuts produced guarantees forest sustainability. In addition, areas under higher harvesting intensities provide more short-term benefit services at the local scale that can be included in the formal market.ARTICLE HISTORY

Nanosuspension of pinhão seed coat development for a new high‐functional cereal bar

“…In this context, source of income from pinhão is the main incentive for the preservation of Araucaria—and its biome (Hanazaki, Zank, Fonseca‐Kruel, & Schmidt, 2018), since it is now considered an endangered species and shows important impact for the regional development of the Southern states of Brazil (Fichino, Pivello, & Santos, 2017; Peralta et al, 2016).…”

Planning mine restoration through ecosystem services to enhance community engagement and deliver social benefits

“…For the Brazilian case, we built two equations to express the monitoring methods for the service of provision of Brazil nuts (Table ). Similar and more detailed analysis was done by Fichino et al () for the Araucaria nut from Southern Brazil. Using flora inventories required by government as part of the baseline necessary for the mining and restoration approval process, we found that there are on average five trees per hectare in premined forest.…”

The influence of fiber size on the behavior of the araucaria pine nut shell/PU composite

“…Araucaria angustifolia is a tree from southern Brazil [18] . It is an endangered species, and there are legal restrictions concerning the use of its wood; therefore, incentives are given to the commercialization of its seed, the pine nut [19] . Pine nut is a nutritious food, containing mainly starch and low amounts of sugars and lipids in its composition [20] .…”