“…Moreover, most of existing researches showed that there were synergies, tradeoffs and loss of ecosystem services in urban regions [34]. It is also indicated that there exist tradeoffs and synergies between different functions of wetland [17], forest [35] and agricultural land ecosystem [36,37] under different land use scenarios. Tradeoffs analysis about ecosystem services value is helpful to analyze compromise of ecosystem services and economic benefits [38], which provide valuable idea and revelation for land use management and urban development.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Economy develops, urban areas expand. However, the expansion of existing cities and newly emerged cities must be at the loss of natural or seminatural landscape [17], explicitly and implicitly leading to heavy land use changes. Influence of the urban expansion on ecological environment is obvious and serious [8,18,19].…”
Urban expansion has been proved to spur significant changes in economic development worldwide, yet it degrades ecosystem services. Seldom attempts are made to explore the dynamic relationship between economic benefits and ecosystem services. As such, we simulated land use in Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei Province in China, by employing the LANDSCAPE model (LAND System Cellular Automata model for Potential Effects) in scenarios with datasets supported. This paper analyzes the amount of variation of urban growth between its corresponding implications for ecosystem services in Wuhan, and further reveals a meaningful dynamic linkage between economic benefits (EB) and ecosystem services value (ESV). The amount of urban expansion is a critical factor affecting tradeoffs of EB and ESV. A certain amount of urban expansion (the turning point) will worsen tradeoffs between EB and ESV, and when the amount of urban growth surpasses the turning point, a small increase of EB will pay a great amount of ESV. The better the amount of urban growth is controlled, the more harmonious the EB and ESV will be. Our research is helpful to find the turning point as well as the proper amount of urban growth at the aspect of tradeoffs between EB and ESV.
“…Moreover, most of existing researches showed that there were synergies, tradeoffs and loss of ecosystem services in urban regions [34]. It is also indicated that there exist tradeoffs and synergies between different functions of wetland [17], forest [35] and agricultural land ecosystem [36,37] under different land use scenarios. Tradeoffs analysis about ecosystem services value is helpful to analyze compromise of ecosystem services and economic benefits [38], which provide valuable idea and revelation for land use management and urban development.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Economy develops, urban areas expand. However, the expansion of existing cities and newly emerged cities must be at the loss of natural or seminatural landscape [17], explicitly and implicitly leading to heavy land use changes. Influence of the urban expansion on ecological environment is obvious and serious [8,18,19].…”
Urban expansion has been proved to spur significant changes in economic development worldwide, yet it degrades ecosystem services. Seldom attempts are made to explore the dynamic relationship between economic benefits and ecosystem services. As such, we simulated land use in Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei Province in China, by employing the LANDSCAPE model (LAND System Cellular Automata model for Potential Effects) in scenarios with datasets supported. This paper analyzes the amount of variation of urban growth between its corresponding implications for ecosystem services in Wuhan, and further reveals a meaningful dynamic linkage between economic benefits (EB) and ecosystem services value (ESV). The amount of urban expansion is a critical factor affecting tradeoffs of EB and ESV. A certain amount of urban expansion (the turning point) will worsen tradeoffs between EB and ESV, and when the amount of urban growth surpasses the turning point, a small increase of EB will pay a great amount of ESV. The better the amount of urban growth is controlled, the more harmonious the EB and ESV will be. Our research is helpful to find the turning point as well as the proper amount of urban growth at the aspect of tradeoffs between EB and ESV.
“…On the other hand, these policies have failed in several aspects such as the compensation for the loss in crop productivity and the increasing ecological cost [46]. These conflicting impacts of cropland protection policies have stimulated a growing strand in the literature that assess trade-offs between economic and ecosystem services [47,48]. The study contributes to this literature stream by providing evidence from the rapidly urbanizing city of Wuhan in China on the trade-offs between EB and ESV under three policy scenarios.…”
Over the past few decades urbanization and population growth have been the main trend all over the world, which brings the increase of economic benefits (EB) and the decrease of cropland. Cropland protection policies play an important role in the urbanization progress. In this study, we assess the trade-offs between EB and ecosystem services value (ESV) under three cropland protection policy scenarios using the LAND System Cellular Automata for Potential Effects (LANDSCAPE) model. The empirical results reveal that trade-offs between EB and ESV in urbanizing areas are dynamic, and that they considerably vary under different cropland protection policy scenarios. Especially, the results identify certain “turning points” for each policy scenario at which a small to moderate growth in EB would result in greater ESV losses. Among the three scenarios, we found that the cropland protection policy has the most adverse effect on trade-offs between EB and ESV and the results in the business as usual scenario have the least effect on the trade-offs. Furthermore, the results show that a strict balance between requisition and compensation of cropland is an inappropriate policy option in areas where built-up areas are increasing rapidly from the perspective of mitigating conflict between EB and ESV and the numbers of cropland protection that restrained by land use planning policy of Wuhan is a better choice.
“…Recently a few studies quantified the relationships between ESs. Yang et al [25] used a production possibility frontier (PPF) curve to quantify the trade-offs between the coastal wetland ESs at the mouth of the Yellow River to assess the potential impacts of different future development patterns. Feng et al [26] quantified the strength of trade-offs using the root-mean-square error (RMSE) method and found that the strength of trade-offs between carbon storage and soil moisture were different for different vegetation populations in the Loess Plateau region.…”
Grassland restoration projects are currently being implemented to mitigate human disturbance to the natural environment and reduce grassland degradation. China’s Grain-for-Green Programme (GFGP), including one project implemented in Duolun County, China, in 2000, has significantly improved the overall ecological health of this region. Using a modeling approach, this study quantified changes in four ecosystem services (ESs), including Net Primary Production (NPP), soil conservation (SC), water yield (WY), and sandstorm prevention (SP), in Duolun County between 2000 and 2016. We found the total NPP, water yield, and soil conservation increased by 80.44%, 248.2%, and 12.2%, respectively, during this period, while the sandstorm prevention decreased by 55.9%. Unlike other areas of GFGP implementation, the improvement of the ecological environment in Duolun County is largely attributed to the increased of vegetation coverage (88%) instead of land use circulation (12%). We found the grassland is a factor that reduces the trade-off while this effect was related with the grassland coverage. Future policies should be based on the mechanisms of vegetation underlying the ESs change and the relationships of ESs in order to achieve sustainable provision of ESs.
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