Tracking the global application of conservation translocation and social attraction to reverse seabird declines

Spatz, Dena R.; Young, Lindsay C.; Holmes, Nick D.; Jones, Holly P.; VanderWerf, Eric A.; Lyons, Donald E.; Kress, Stephen W.; Miskelly, Colin M.; Taylor, Graeme A.

doi:10.1073/pnas.2214574120

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…Our research has implications for colonial nesting seabirds, a species group predicted to face some of the greatest threats from sea-level rise and disturbances from increased storm activity (Von Holle et al 2019) as well as from continued increases in beach recreation disturbances. Although the number of gravel rooftops is declining due to energy-efficient alternative roof materials (DeVries and Forys 2004), the need for artificial nesting structures such as raised and floating platforms is increasing due to habitat loss (Spatz et al 2023). Knowledge about how to manage seabirds on these artificial structures may be critical as part of an overall species conservation strategy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival of fallen and returned rooftop nesting Least Tern chicks

Forys,

Korosy,

Leighty

2024

ACE

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Beach habitat is increasingly degraded and disturbed, and many species of Larids (gulls, terns, and skimmers) have adapted to nesting on gravel rooftops. In the southeastern United States, the most common rooftop nester is the Least Tern (Sternula antillarum), and rooftop tern colonies are generally as productive as beach colonies. One problem with rooftop nesting is that chicks often fall from the roofs and will likely die if not rescued. Fallen chicks can be taken to wildlife rehabilitators and if they survive, be released on their own, but they will not receive the substantial pre-and post-fledgling parental care that Least Tern parents provide. We explored the success of placing chicks back on rooftops until they fledge and are able to travel to a staging beach. To determine long-term survival of these birds, from June 2011-July 2019, we uniquely banded 168 fallen Least Tern chicks in the Tampa Bay, Florida (USA) region and placed them back on the rooftops. From 2011-2022, we resighted banded birds on beaches, piers, and rooftops throughout Florida during the breeding season. We used the Cormack-Jolly-Seber model in Program Mark to estimate survival of juveniles and adults. The base model, where time was held constant for apparent survival and of both age classes and recapture rates, was the most parsimonious. We resighted 50 out of the 167 banded adult Least Terns a total of 347 times from 2012-2021. Apparent survival for fallen juvenile Least Terns was 0.387 ± 0.049 and 0.819 ± 0.032 for adult terns. There are no other studies of survival for juvenile Least Terns, but a closely related species had a slightly higher apparent survival. Adult survival in our study was comparable to that found in other similar Least Tern studies. This indicates that putting fallen Least Tern chicks back onto rooftops is a sound management strategy and should be explored for other species of seabirds. Survie d'oisillons de Petite Sterne nichant sur les toits, tombés et remis au nidRÉSUMÉ. En tant qu'habitat, les plages sont de plus en plus dégradées et de nombreuses espèces de Laridés (goélands, mouettes, sternes et becs-en-ciseaux) se sont adaptées à la nidification sur les toits de gravier. Dans le sud-est des États-Unis, l'oiseau nicheur le plus commun sur les toits est la Petite Sterne (Sternula antillarum), et les colonies qui s'y établissent sont généralement aussi productives que celles qui sont établies sur les plages. L'un des problèmes de la nidification sur les toits est que les oisillons tombent souvent et risquent de mourir s'ils ne sont pas secourus. Les oisillons tombés peuvent être transportés à un centre de réhabilitation de la faune et, s'ils survivent, être relâchés, mais ils ne recevront pas les soins parentaux importants avant et après la nidification que les parents de Petite Sterne prodiguent. Nous avons étudié la possibilité de remettre sur les toits les poussins tombés jusqu'à ce qu'ils s'envolent et soient capables de se rendre sur une plage. De juin 2011 à juillet 2019, pour déterminer la survie à long...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival of fallen and returned rooftop nesting Least Tern chicks

Forys,

Korosy,

Leighty

2024

ACE

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“…This will also be relevant to the planning of translocations, as individuals are likely to differ in their spatial behaviors (Stuber et al, 2022), which may relate to age. In that case it may be appropriate to translocate individuals from a range of ages if possible, although there are many factors that contribute to successful translocations, and these will vary by species (Miskelly & Powlesland, 2013;Spatz et al, 2023). It should be considered that animals of varying ages could respond differently to novel environments, and younger individuals may be more likely to explore.…”

Section: Management Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home range and dynamic space use reveals age‐related differences in risk exposure for reintroduced parrots

Forrest,

Rodríguez‐Recio,

Seddon

2024

Conservat Sci and Prac

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Individual‐level differences in animal spatial behavior can lead to differential exposure to risk. We assessed the risk‐exposure of a reintroduced population of kākā (Nestor meridionalis) in a fenced reserve in New Zealand by GPS tracking 10 individuals and comparing the proportion of each individual's home range beyond the reserve's fence in relation to age, sex, and fledging origin. To estimate dynamic space use, we used a sweeping window framework to estimate occurrence distributions (ODs) from temporally overlapping snapshots. For each OD, we calculated the proportion outside the reserve's fence to assess temporal risk exposure, and the area, centroid, and overlap to represent the behavioral pattern of space use. Home range area declined significantly and consistently with age, and the space use of juvenile kākā was more dynamic, particularly in relation to locational changes of space use. The wider‐ranging and more dynamic behavior of younger kākā resulted in more time spent outside the reserve, which aligned with a higher number of incidental mortality observations. Quantifying both home range and dynamic space use is an effective approach to assess risk exposure, which can provide guidance for management interventions. We also emphasize the dynamic space use approach, which is flexible and can provide insights into a species' spatial ecology.

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“…This will also be relevant to the planning of translocations and reintroductions, as individuals are likely to differ in their spatial behaviours (Stuber et al, 2022), which may relate to age. In that case it may be fortuitous to translocate individuals from a range of ages if possible, although there are many factors that contribute to successful translocations, which may vary by species (Miskelly & Powlesland, 2013; Spatz et al, 2023). At the very least it should be considered that animals of varying ages may respond differently to novel environments, and younger individuals may be more likely to explore spatially.…”

Section: Management Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home range and dynamic space use reveals age-related differences in risk exposure for reintroduced parrots

Forrest

Recio

Seddon

2022

Preprint

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Individual-level differences in animal spatial behaviour have been identified in numerous species, which can lead to differential exposure to risk for different groups, particularly for reintroduced species in fragmented landscapes. To assess the risk-exposure of a population of kākā (Nestor meridionalis) reintroduced into a fenced reserve, we GPS-tracked 10 individuals and estimated their home ranges and temporal space use variability (SUV). We compared home range area (within 95% contour of utilisation distribution - UD95) between individuals in relation to age, sex, and fledging origin, and assessed risk exposure by calculating the proportion of each individual's home range beyond the reserve's fence. To estimate temporal variability within each individual's space use, we used a sweeping window framework to estimate occurrence distributions of temporally overlapping snapshots of the movement trajectory. For each occurrence distribution, we calculated the proportion outside the reserve's fence to assess how risk exposure changed throughout time, and the UD95area and UD95centroid to assess the behavioural pattern of space use. Home range area declined significantly and consistently with age (up to 27-fold differences), and the space use of juvenile kākā was more temporally dynamic, particularly in relation to drift of the UD95centroid. The wider-ranging behaviour of younger kākā resulted in more time spent outside the reserve, which aligned with a higher number of incidental mortality observations of younger individuals. Quantifying both the home range and space use variability of populations that may encounter spatially dependent threats is an effective approach to assess risk exposure, which can provide guidance for management interventions. We also emphasise the temporal space use variability approach, which is a flexible approach that can provide numerous insights and has not been widely adopted in the literature. We provide code and data such that all the analyses in this study can be reproduced.

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Tracking the global application of conservation translocation and social attraction to reverse seabird declines

Cited by 13 publications

References 51 publications

Survival of fallen and returned rooftop nesting Least Tern chicks

Survival of fallen and returned rooftop nesting Least Tern chicks

Home range and dynamic space use reveals age‐related differences in risk exposure for reintroduced parrots

Home range and dynamic space use reveals age-related differences in risk exposure for reintroduced parrots

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