Tracking the Decay of the After-Effect of Seen Rotary Movement

Taylor, M. M.

doi:10.2466/pms.1963.16.1.119

Cited by 62 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Large differences in the duration of the adapting and test stimuli have also been shown to induce aftereffects in several other sensory stimuli including visual (Hershenson 1993;Leopold et al 2005;Bao and Engel 2012) and auditory motion (Neelon and Jenison 2004). A general theme in sensory aftereffects is that a longer period of adaptation leads to a stronger and longer aftereffect (Taylor 1963;Greenlee et al 1991;Anstis et al 1998;Neelon and Jenison 2004), but the current data presents a rare exception to this, at least when the test stimulus and adapter are different durations. This provides yet another reason why aftereffects may not have been observed after long duration adapting stimuli (Keller and Henn 1984;Sinha et al 2008;Bertolini et al 2011;Bertolini et al 2012)-a similar duration test stimulus was not given.…”

Section: Tablecontrasting

confidence: 39%

Human Yaw Rotation Aftereffects with Brief Duration Rotations Are Inconsistent with Velocity Storage

Coniglio

Crane

2014

JARO

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In many sensory systems, perception of stimuli is influenced by previous stimulus exposure such that subsequent stimuli may be perceived as more neutral. This phenomenon is known as an aftereffect and has been studied for vision, audition, and some vestibular stimuli including roll and translation. Previous data on yaw rotation perception has focused on lowfrequency stimuli on the order of a minute which may not be directly applicable to frequencies during ambulation. The aim of the current study is to look at the influence of yaw rotation on subsequent perception near 1 Hz, the predominant frequency of yaw rotation during human ambulation. Humans were rotated with 12°whole body adapting stimulus over 1 or 1.5 s. After an interstimulus interval (ISI) of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 3 s, a test stimulus the same duration as the adapting stimulus was presented, and subjects pushed a button to identify the direction of the test stimulus as right or left. The direction and magnitude of the test stimulus was adjusted based on prior responses to find the stimulus at which no rotation was perceived. Experiments were conducted both in darkness and with a visual fixation point. The presence of a fixation point did not influence the aftereffect which was largest at 0.5 s with an average size of 0.78±0.18°/s (mean±SE). The aftereffect diminished with a time constant of~1 s. Thresholds were elevated after the adapting stimulus and also decreased with a time constant of~1 s. These findings demonstrate that short adapting stimuli can induce significant aftereffects in yaw rotation perception and that these aftereffects are independent from the previously described velocity storage.

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Section: Tablecontrasting

confidence: 39%

Human Yaw Rotation Aftereffects with Brief Duration Rotations Are Inconsistent with Velocity Storage

Coniglio

Crane

2014

JARO

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“…We next considered a more subtle aspect of the adaptation dynamics, again for purposes of comparison to previous work. For traditional aftereffects, the decay time constant is not a fixed quantity, as might be expected from some models with simple circuits at their core, but instead varies systematically as a function of the adaptation duration (Taylor 1963;Hershenson 1989Hershenson , 1993. We thus used variable test durations combined with subjective ratings to explore how the time constant of the FIAE varied as a function of adaptation time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamics of visual adaptation to faces

Rhodes²,

et al. 2005

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Several recent demonstrations using visual adaptation have revealed high-level aftereffects for complex patterns including faces. While traditional aftereffects involve perceptual distortion of simple attributes such as orientation or colour that are processed early in the visual cortical hierarchy, face adaptation affects perceived identity and expression, which are thought to be products of higher-order processing. And, unlike most simple aftereffects, those involving faces are robust to changes in scale, position and orientation between the adapting and test stimuli. These differences raise the question of how closely related face aftereffects are to traditional ones. Little is known about the build-up and decay of the face aftereffect, and the similarity of these dynamic processes to traditional aftereffects might provide insight into this relationship. We examined the effect of varying the duration of both the adapting and test stimuli on the magnitude of perceived distortions in face identity. We found that, just as with traditional aftereffects, the identity aftereffect grew logarithmically stronger as a function of adaptation time and exponentially weaker as a function of test duration. Even the subtle aspects of these dynamics, such as the power-law relationship between the adapting and test durations, closely resembled that of other aftereffects. These results were obtained with two different sets of face stimuli that differed greatly in their low-level properties. We postulate that the mechanisms governing these shared dynamics may be dissociable from the responses of feature-selective neurons in the early visual cortex.

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“…Early studies reported that the duration and time constant of the MAE increased wtih increasing inspection duration up to 5 min (Bakan & Mizusawa, 1963;Taylor, 1963). In contrast, recent studies have found that a plateau is reached much sooner.…”

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confidence: 93%

Inspection duration and the linear motion aftereffect: Preliminary report

Hershenson

1988

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

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Two subjects rated the strength of motion of the linear motion aftereffect (MAE) produced by a horizontal grating following inspection periods of 0.5, 1,5,10, and 15 min. There was only one trial per day. The MAE consisted of three phases: an initial maximum-strength phase, a decay phase, and a tail. The duration of all three phases increased and the decay rate decreased with increasing inspection duration. The decay time constant increased as a linear function of inspection duration.Although motion aftereffects (MAEs) have been studied extensively (Anstis, 1984;Beverley & Regan, 1979;Bonnet, 1978;Holland, 1965;Sekuler, 1975;Wohlgemuth, 1911), the role of inspection duration remains unclear. Early studies reported that the duration and time constant of the MAE increased wtih increasing inspection duration up to 5 min (Bakan & Mizusawa, 1963;Taylor, 1963). In contrast, recent studies have found that a plateau is reached much sooner. For example, Bonnet (1973) found that the duration of the MAE produced by a rotating spiral reached a plateau of about 13 sec after 25-30 sec of adaptation . Lehmkuhle and Fox (1975) found that the duration of the MAE produced by the motion of a vertical grating increased as a linear function of inspection duration up to about 60 sec and then leveled off. Sekuler (1975) reported that direction-specific thresholds measured after a moving horizontal grating was viewed increased with inspection duration, but reached a plateau after about 100 sec of adaptation . Additional observations using inspection durations of 35-45 min yielded threshold values nearly identical to that for 100 sec of adaptation. Seku1er noted, however, that recovery from protracted exposures required extra time, an observation that suggests longer time constants.Although the results of the recent studies are consistent, there are differences among the studies that raise questions. The earlier studies measured responses to rotating spirals or, in the case of Taylor (1963), to a rotating disc "marked with an irregular swirling pattern in red pencil" (p. 120). In light of recent evidence that the visual system responds to components of complex proximal motion patterns (Hershenson, 1987) and that these responses may be mediated by different neural structures whose recovery durations and time constants differ (Beverley & Regan , 1979;Cavanagh & Favreau, 1980; LonguetHiggins & Prazdny, 1980;Regan, 1986 In the more recent studies, Bonnet (1973) tested inspection durations up to only 35 sec. Lehmkuhle and Fox (1975) described only one observation for each inspection duration for each subject. Furthermore, their data show different relationships for the 3 subjects at the longer inspection durations. MAE durations apparently leveled off at 40 sec of inspection duration for 2 of the subjects, but for 1 of them it apparently increased again after 80 sec. MAE duration apparently rose continuously up to 80 sec of inspection duration for the 3rd subject. The data reported by Sekuler (1975), although convincing, describe direction-s...

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Tracking the Decay of the After-Effect of Seen Rotary Movement

Cited by 62 publications

References 19 publications

Human Yaw Rotation Aftereffects with Brief Duration Rotations Are Inconsistent with Velocity Storage

Human Yaw Rotation Aftereffects with Brief Duration Rotations Are Inconsistent with Velocity Storage

The dynamics of visual adaptation to faces

Inspection duration and the linear motion aftereffect: Preliminary report

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