Tracking Route Progression in the Posterior Parietal Cortex

Nitz, Douglas A.

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.01.037

Cited by 201 publications

(233 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Thus, damage to the parietal cortex impairs performance on a variety of spatial tasks in rats, monkeys, and humans (20)(21)(22), including path integration (19). Further, cells exhibiting activity specific to a particular path (a sequence of left and right turns through an environment) have been found in rat parietal cortex (23). By this view, spatial information from the cortex arrives at the medial temporal lobe, like information from other modalities (e.g., visual information, auditory information), and the medial temporal lobe then carries out the operation of transforming perception into long-term memory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural basis of the cognitive map: Path integration does not require hippocampus or entorhinal cortex

Shrager¹,

Kirwan

Squire³

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The hippocampus and entorhinal cortex have been linked to both memory functions and to spatial cognition, but it has been unclear how these ideas relate to each other. An important part of spatial cognition is the ability to keep track of a reference location using self-motion cues (sometimes referred to as path integration), and it has been suggested that the hippocampus or entorhinal cortex is essential for this ability. Patients with hippocampal lesions or larger lesions that also included entorhinal cortex were led on paths while blindfolded (up to 15 m in length) and were asked to actively maintain the path in mind. Patients pointed to and estimated their distance from the start location as accurately as controls. A rotation condition confirmed that performance was based on self-motion cues. When demands on long-term memory were increased, patients were impaired. Thus, in humans, the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex are not essential for path integration.amnesia ͉ medial temporal lobe ͉ memory ͉ spatial cognition ͉ navigation

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural basis of the cognitive map: Path integration does not require hippocampus or entorhinal cortex

Shrager¹,

Kirwan

Squire³

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The PPC has also been associated with spatial planning (Spiers and Maguire, 2006) and activity there correlates with egocentric distance to the goal (Spiers and Maguire, 2007). Animal studies reveal neurons in medial parietal areas that respond to the position of stimuli in allocentric space (Galletti et al, 1993;Dean and Platt, 2006), whereas neurons in the more lateral intraparietal sulcus respond to combinations of egocentric and allocentric locations (Andersen et al, 1985;Snyder et al, 1998) and to the animal's position along a trajectory (Nitz, 2006). Thus, these activations may reflect a role in translating between allocentric medial temporal lobe representations and egocentric parietal representations necessary for imagery and planning of potential routes (Burgess et al, 2001;Byrne et al, 2007), which would be more complex in the detour condition.…”

Section: Detour Planningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior Hippocampus and Goal-Directed Spatial Decision Making

Viard¹,

Doeller²,

Hartley³

et al. 2011

J. Neurosci.

135

126

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Planning spatial paths through our environment is an important part of everyday life and is supported by a neural system including the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Here we investigated the precise functional roles of the components of this system in humans by using fMRI as participants performed a simple goal-directed route-planning task. Participants had to choose the shorter of two routes to a goal in a visual scene that might contain a barrier blocking the most direct route, requiring a detour, or might be obscured by a curtain, requiring memory for the scene. The participant's start position was varied to parametrically manipulate their proximity to the goal and the difference in length of the two routes. Activity in medial prefrontal cortex, precuneus, and left posterior parietal cortex was associated with detour planning, regardless of difficulty, whereas activity in parahippocampal gyrus was associated with remembering the spatial layout of the visual scene. Activity in bilateral anterior hippocampal formation showed a strong increase the closer the start position was to the goal, together with medial prefrontal, medial and posterior parietal cortices. Our results are consistent with computational models in which goal proximity is used to guide subsequent navigation and with the association of anterior hippocampal areas with nonspatial functions such as arousal and reward expectancy. They illustrate how spatial and nonspatial functions combine within the anterior hippocampus, and how these functions interact with parahippocampal, parietal, and prefrontal areas in decision making and mnemonic function.

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“…Lesions of the rat homolog of the posterior parietal cortex cause severe impairment in the ability to navigate back to a refuge under conditions where the return pathway can only be computed on the basis of the animal's own movement (Save et al, 2001;Parron and Save, 2004). Studies of spatial representation in the rat parietal cortex are in their infancy, but the region is known to contain neurons that map navigational epochs when the animal follows a fixed route (Nitz, 2006;Whitlock et al, 2008a). A key objective for future studies of this region will be to determine if neurons in this area express information received from grid maps in the entorhinal cortex and, if they do, how this information is further converted to a movement plan in parietal cortex or elsewhere.…”

Section: The Extended Mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

A metric for space

2008

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ABSTRACT:Not all areas of neuronal systems investigation have matured to the stage where computation can be understood at the microcircuit level. In mammals, insights into cortical circuit functions have been obtained for the early stages of sensory systems, where signals can be followed through networks of increasing complexity from the receptors to the primary sensory cortices. These studies have suggested how neurons and neuronal networks extract features from the external world, but how the brain generates its own codes, in the higher-order nonsensory parts of the cortex, has remained deeply mysterious. In this terra incognita, a path was opened by the discovery of grid cells, place-modulated entorhinal neurons whose firing locations define a periodic triangular or hexagonal array covering the entirety of the animal's available environment. This array of firing is maintained in spite of ongoing changes in the animal's speed and direction, suggesting that grid cells are part of the brain's metric for representation of space. Because the crystal-like structure of the firing fields is created within the nervous system itself, grid cells may provide scientists with direct access to some of the most basic operational principles of cortical circuits. V

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Tracking Route Progression in the Posterior Parietal Cortex

Cited by 201 publications

References 48 publications

Neural basis of the cognitive map: Path integration does not require hippocampus or entorhinal cortex

Neural basis of the cognitive map: Path integration does not require hippocampus or entorhinal cortex

Anterior Hippocampus and Goal-Directed Spatial Decision Making

A metric for space

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