Tracking Pathogen Transmission at the Human–Wildlife Interface: Banded Mongoose and Escherichia coli

Pesapane, Risa; Ponder, Monica A.; Alexander, Kathleen A

doi:10.1007/s10393-013-0838-2

Cited by 61 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Besides the risk of contaminated soil and water, the colonisation of wildlife by CP bacteria through contact with sewage, human faeces, or animal manure might facilitate the global spread of resistance genes, with consequences for public health, animal welfare, and ecosystem functions (Pesapane et al, 2013).…”

Section: Reservoirs Of Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on Carbapenem resistance in food animal ecosystems

Publication¹

2013

EFS2

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Carbapenems are broad-spectrum β-lactam antimicrobials used for the treatment of serious infections in humans. To date only sporadic studies have reported the occurrence of carbapenemase-producing (CP) bacteria in foodproducing animals and their environment. The bacteria and enzymes isolated include VIM-1 producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella Infantis from pigs and poultry in Germany, OXA-23-producing Acinetobacter spp. from cattle and horses in France and Belgium, and NDM-producing Acinetobacter spp. from pigs and poultry in China. In the German S. Infantis and E. coli isolates, the VIM-1-encoding genes were located on IncHI2 plasmids. A methodology including selective culture is proposed for the detection of CP strains of Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter spp. The choice of selective media for the surveillance of carbapenem resistance for testing animal and food samples needs to be experimentally evaluated and validated. Biochemical and phenotypic tests for the confirmatory identification of CP bacteria are available. For CP bacteria in animals and food, active/passive monitoring and/or targeted surveys should cover key zoonotic agents, animal pathogens and indicator organisms. Priority should be given to broilers, fattening turkeys, fattening pigs, veal calves and meat thereof. Because there are no data on the comparative efficacy of individual control options, prioritisation is complex. Continued prohibition of the use of carbapenems in food-producing animals would be a simple and effective option. As genes encoding carbapenemase production are mostly plasmid-mediated, and co-resistance may be an important issue in the spread of such resistance mechanisms, decreasing the frequency of use of antimicrobials in animal production in the EU in accordance with prudent use guidelines is also of high priority. The effectiveness of any control measures should be monitored by targeted surveys, using selective isolation methods and pre-enrichment of samples. Control measures should be proactively implemented at national and international levels to prevent CP strains become widespread in livestock. SUMMARYThe European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) asked the Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) to provide a scientific opinion on the carbapenem resistance in food animal ecosystems. Carbapenems are broad-spectrum beta (β)-lactam antimicrobials mostly used for the treatment of serious infections in humans, frequently in hospitalised patients, and are considered last-line therapy for infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. In particular, the panel was asked: (i) to define the carbapenemase-producing (CP) bacterial strains and genes relevant for public health and linked to food-producing animals or food-borne transmission; (ii) to review the information on the epidemiology of acquired resistance to carbapenems, including the genes coding for such resistance, in food-producing animals and food; (iii) to perform a critical analysis of the methods (phenotypic and genotypic) and the interpr...

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Section: Reservoirs Of Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on Carbapenem resistance in food animal ecosystems

Publication¹

2013

EFS2

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“…E. coli diversity and population dynamics have been the focus of recent studies (17)(18)(19)(20) investigating the relationship between E. coli populations and proxies of interhost contacts. For example, E. coli sharing between human, primates, and livestock increased with the frequency and intensity of interspecies contacts in Uganda (21).…”

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confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli Population Structure and Antibiotic Resistance at a Buffalo/Cattle Interface in Southern Africa

Mercat

Clermont

Massot

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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g At a human/livestock/wildlife interface, Escherichia coli populations were used to assess the risk of bacterial and antibiotic resistance dissemination between hosts. We used phenotypic and genotypic characterization techniques to describe the structure and the level of antibiotic resistance of E. coli commensal populations and the resistant Enterobacteriaceae carriage of sympatric African buffalo (Syncerus caffer caffer) and cattle populations characterized by their contact patterns in the southern part of Hwange ecosystem in Zimbabwe. Our results (i) confirmed our assumption that buffalo and cattle share similar phylogroup profiles, dominated by B1 (44.5%) and E (29.0%) phylogroups, with some variability in A phylogroup presence (from 1.9 to 12%); (ii) identified a significant gradient of antibiotic resistance from isolated buffalo to buffalo in contact with cattle and cattle populations expressed as the Murray score among Enterobacteriaceae (0.146, 0.258, and 0.340, respectively) and as the presence of tetracycline-, trimethoprim-, and amoxicillin-resistant subdominant E. coli strains (0, 5.7, and 38%, respectively); (iii) evidenced the dissemination of tetracycline, trimethoprim, and amoxicillin resistance genes (tet, dfrA, and bla TEM-1 ) in 26 isolated subdominant E. coli strains between nearby buffalo and cattle populations, that led us (iv) to hypothesize the role of the human/ animal interface in the dissemination of genetic material from human to cattle and toward wildlife. The study of antibiotic resistance dissemination in multihost systems and at anthropized/natural interface is necessary to better understand and mitigate its multiple threats. These results also contribute to attempts aiming at using E. coli as a tool for the identification of pathogen transmission pathway in multihost systems.

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“…Despite significant advances in our understanding of the molecular dynamics (Walsh 2000) and widespread occurrence of antimicrobial resistance across a diversity of hosts (Rolland et al 1985;Goldberg et al 2007;Rwego et al 2008;Blackburn et al 2010;Wheeler et al 2012;Pesapane et al 2013) and environments (Pruden et al 2006), it remains unclear how the transmission of resistance occurs across these complex landscapes and host communities. This information is critical to prevention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primary health care is available in the region; antibiotics can be acquired freely over the counter and resistance to many first-line antimicrobials is common (Rowe et al 2010;Pesapane et al 2013;Renuart et al 2013). There are no commercial livestock or poultry production operations in the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FROM WHENCE THEY CAME—ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANTESCHERICHIA COLIIN AFRICAN WILDLIFE

Jobbins

Alexander

2015

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:The emergence of antimicrobial resistance is arguably the most important threat to human and animal health. The impacts of antimicrobial use can reach far from the site of prescription and wildlife may serve as a conduit for the movement of resistance across landscapes, contributing to the spread of antimicrobial resistance within and between different reservoirs. We compared antimicrobial resistance and life history among wild and domestic species in Chobe, Botswana to explore key attributes and behaviors that may increase exposure and allow resistance to move between humans, animals, and ecosystems. Among 150 fecal samples evaluated from African animals, 41.3% contained Escherichia coli isolates that were resistant to one or two of 10 tested antibiotics, and 13.3% of isolates demonstrated multidrug resistance (three or more antibiotics). Resistance to each of the 10 tested antibiotics was detected among wildlife fecal samples. Resistance was widespread, but not ubiquitous, and isolates from wildlife demonstrated similar patterns of resistance to human E. coli from environmental and clinical sources in the study area. Multidrug resistance was significantly higher in carnivores, water-associated species, and species inhabiting urban areas, suggesting that life history may be key to understanding exposure patterns and transmission dynamics in heterogeneous landscapes.

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Tracking Pathogen Transmission at the Human–Wildlife Interface: Banded Mongoose and Escherichia coli

Cited by 61 publications

References 52 publications

Scientific Opinion on Carbapenem resistance in food animal ecosystems

Scientific Opinion on Carbapenem resistance in food animal ecosystems

Escherichia coli Population Structure and Antibiotic Resistance at a Buffalo/Cattle Interface in Southern Africa

FROM WHENCE THEY CAME—ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANTESCHERICHIA COLIIN AFRICAN WILDLIFE

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