“…To eliminate the problems of the FFT-based methods, various algorithms have been utilized to detect and evaluate PQ disturbances. These algorithms include least absolute value, 9,10 the extended Kalman filter, [11][12][13][14][15] the continuous wavelet transform, [16][17][18] the Hilbert transform, 19,20 the S transform, 21,22 the particle swarm optimization, 23 the artificial neural network, 24 the extreme learning machine 25,26 as well as a combination of several methods as a hybrid method. [27][28][29] However, the used methods present the desired ability to detect PQ disturbances with appropriate accuracy, but they have high complexity and computational burden as well as the requirement to adjust accurate method parameters.…”