Tracking lives, forging markets

Tanninen, Maiju; Lehtonen, Turo‐Kimmo; Ruckenstein, Minna

doi:10.1080/17530350.2020.1852949

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Tanninen et al. 2020 ; genereller: Sunstein und Thaler 2007 ) und programmatische Anreize setzen, werden die Versicherten zum Sammeln von Punkten angehalten. Wer dann an seiner Gesundheit arbeitet und seine Werte qua Device überwachen lässt, erhält feedbacklogisch Anerkennung und wird – klassisch behavioristisch – belohnt, indem sich die Apple Watch über erreichte Gesundheitsziele (von den erfüllte Trainingseinhalten bis zur verbesserten Fettverbrennung) abbezahlen oder auch ein Produkt von lizensierten Partnern (Amazon, Bestbuy, CVS (Aetna gehört zur Unternehmensgruppe), Nike oder Starbucks) erwerben lässt.…”

Section: Apple: Forschung Und Versicherungunclassified

Überwachungskapitalistische Biopolitik: Big Tech und die Regierung der Körper

Maschewski

Nosthoff

2022

Z Politikwiss

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ZusammenfassungDer Artikel analysiert den Einzug Big Techs (der Fokus liegt auf Apple und Alphabet) in den Gesundheitsmarkt und beschreibt in Anlehnung an Michel Foucault und Shoshana Zuboff das Konzept einer „überwachungskapitalistischen Biopolitik“. Ziel ist, die Ausweitung des „Datenextraktivismus“ im Gesundheitswesen und der Gesundheitsforschung machtkritisch einzuordnen und damit einen Trend in der digitalen Gesundheitsfürsorge zu problematisieren, der sich in den letzten Jahren und, wie wir zeigen, besonders während der Coronakrise beschleunigt und ausgefächert hat. Anhand wissenschaftlicher und kommerzieller Projekte sowie Kooperationen im Bereich public health wird deutlich, dass zeitgenössische Formen der Biopolitik keineswegs auf staatliche Regime beschränkt sind. Stattdessen sind sie zunehmend über private Technologieunternehmen vermittelt, die dabei nicht nur intime Verhaltens- und Vitaldaten akkumulieren, sondern – qua proprietärer Algorithmen – auch den Zugang zu diesen kontrollieren und schließlich ihren Einfluss in exklusive Services und Produkte überführen. Ein besonderer Akzent des Artikels liegt zudem auf der voranschreitenden Verbreitung sogenannter Wearable-Technologien (Smartwatches etc.), über die sich nicht nur die herausgehobene Marktposition der Konzerne, sondern – in der Entwicklung von einem „quantifizierten Selbst“ zu einem „quantifizierten Kollektiv“ – auch ihre epistemische bzw. „infrastrukturelle Macht“ konkretisiert. Entgegen einer einseitig repressiven Perspektive auf biopolitische Praxen zeigen wir schließlich Ansätze einer Demokratisierung „überwachungskapitalistischer Biopolitik“ auf. Hierbei heben wir vier Topoi hervor, die von zentraler Bedeutung sind: Privatsphäre bzw. individuelle Souveränität, demokratische Deliberation, Pluralismus und epistemische Gleichheit.

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Section: Apple: Forschung Und Versicherungunclassified

Überwachungskapitalistische Biopolitik: Big Tech und die Regierung der Körper

Maschewski

Nosthoff

2022

Z Politikwiss

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“…In both products, the data is then circulated through a health analytics company that 'purifies' the information of excessive details and glitches and selects certain variables for the insurers' use; the latter seek to collect enough data to fulfil the policies' purposes and comply with insurance regulations. By partnering with analytics companies and eHealth providers, the insurers position themselves as platforms for wellbeing services (Tanninen et al 2021). The platform structure, however, constitutes a complex network of data relations.…”

Section: Research Site and Focusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, the potential to utilise 'messy ' and 'lively' data about 'everything' (Thrift 2011) does open new prospects for insurance companies, especially regarding the insurer-insuree relationship. With behavioural data, insurers gain a new kind of access to people's lives which could allow them to develop more selective and close-knit customer relationships (Tanninen et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate, Society and Elemental Insurance

Booth¹,

Lucas²,

French³

2022

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In this book, world-leading social scientists come together to provide original insights on the capacities and limitations of insurance in a changing world.Climate change is fundamentally changing the ways we insure, and the ways we think about insurance. This book moves beyond traditional economics and financial understandings of insurance to address the social and geopolitical dimensions of this powerful and pervasive part of contemporary life. Insurance shapes material and social realities, and is shaped by them in turn. The contributing authors of this book show how insurance constitutes and is constituted through the traditional elements of earth, water, air, fire, and the novel element of big data. The applied and theoretical insights presented through this novel elemental approach reveal that insurance is more dynamic, multifaceted, and spatially variegated than commonly imagined.This book is an authoritative source on the capacities and limitations of insurance. It is a go-to reference for researchers and students in the social sciences -particularly those with an interest in economics and finance, and how these intersect with geography, politics, and society. It is also relevant for those in the disaster, environmental, health, natural, and social sciences who are interested in the role of insurance in addressing risk, resilience, and adaptation.Kate Booth is a human geographer, specializing in the field of critical insurance studies. She is particularly interested in the economic and social geographies of insurance in a changing climate, and implications for inequality and inequity. Kate has also worked on projects looking at sense of place, and the role of arts and culture in urban regeneration. Her work is published in journals such as Progress in Human Geography, Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space, Urban Studies, and Qualitative Inquiry.

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“…The insurance companies' incentives to promote behavior‐based policies are threefold: first, the information collected could be used to fine‐tune risk management; second, the policies function as a marketing tool to improve customer relationships and retention; and finally, if the new devices help users engage in healthier practices, the number and total amount of claims can be expected to decrease (Jeanningros, 2020; McFall 2019; Tanninen et al., 2021). Because of legal, market, and technological constraints, the data produced by means of tracking activities are not deeply integrated into the insurance mechanisms of risk pooling, underwriting, and pricing.…”

Section: Behavioral Insurance As An Exemplary Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to discussing individual tracking devices, focus group participants emphasized their self‐sufficiency in relation to the insurance companies' aim to create more intimate and proactive customer relationships through these behavioral policies (Tanninen et al., 2021). For Samuel, the “traditional deal”—where insurance companies simply cover costs when something unexpected happens—was “perfectly fine”, and he did not want “the insurance company's helping hand”.…”

Section: The Importance Of Choicementioning

confidence: 99%

Trouble with autonomy in behavioral insurance

Tanninen

Lehtonen

Ruckenstein

2022

British Journal of Sociology

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In this article, we study how people define, negotiate, and perform autonomy in relation to digital technologies, specifically in connection with behavioral insurance policies that involve forms of data tracking and health services. The article builds on focus group discussions, which we treat as a dynamic site of ethico‐political deliberation to test ideas, talk about boundaries of acceptable control, and envision future scenarios. The ethico‐political deliberations assess the legitimacy and usability of new behavioral tools. Concern over the nature and limits of autonomy is activated when people discuss how wellbeing‐related decisions are delegated to algorithmically controlled systems. We argue for appreciating autonomy as a relational and ambiguous notion that is sensed and enacted in collaborations with devices in the form of distributed autonomy. Moreover, as reflected by the experiences of the insured, “autonomy” cannot be analyzed solely in the form transmitted by the liberal tradition; that is, as a clear‐cut entity that can simply be “had”, “exerted”, or “controlled”. Consequently, research, ethical considerations, and governance initiatives should pay attention to how values are “done” in the affect‐laden technologically mediated relations and practices.

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Tracking lives, forging markets

Cited by 12 publications

References 42 publications

Überwachungskapitalistische Biopolitik: Big Tech und die Regierung der Körper

Überwachungskapitalistische Biopolitik: Big Tech und die Regierung der Körper

Climate, Society and Elemental Insurance

Trouble with autonomy in behavioral insurance

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