HF skywave backscattered by the sea surface are studied on a large set of data (more than 30 h of 64 independent signals) to identify the sources of broadening of the first order spectral line. Using highquality signals reflected by sporadic E ionospheric layers, we have scaled the natural broadening due to sea-scattering effects to about 3/100 Hz. When the signals propagate via F layer, the total broadening due to ionospheric effects is similar in magnitude and can be attributed to two causes. The first one, due to frequency modulation effects, which can be identified and corrected, scales in average to U100 Hz. The second one, which we call "unresolved ionospheric effects," scales in average to 2/ 100 Hz and is probably due to the spatial variation of the ionospheric Doppler within the ionospheric control volume. Since they are greatly variable with time and space, the influence of these "unresolved ionospheric effects" can be reduced by sorting spectra, according to the value of the equivalent spectral width, before averaging. Using such sorting and correcting the signals for the ionospheric frequency modulation, 70 percent of the considered set of data are usable to measure the root mean square (rms) wave-height. The results are compared with insitu measurements.