Tracking Gene Expression after DNA Delivery Using Spatially Indexed Nanofiber Arrays

McKnight, Timothy E.; Melechko, Anatoli V.; Hensley, Dale K.; Mann, David G. J.; Griffin, Guy D.; Simpson, Michael L.

doi:10.1021/nl049504b

Cited by 146 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…The geometry of the nanostructures allow them to form a cellular interface with a nanoscale cross-section (typically around 100 nm), while simultaneously protruding into the cell body, although the details of this interface is still an area of active research [8][9][10] . Biological use of high aspect ratio nanostructures has led to several novel applications, including electri-cal interrogation of neurons [11][12][13] , single-cell force measurements 14 , cell motility control [15][16][17] , induction of stem cell differentiation 18 , assessing differential cell response 19 , cell capture 20,21 and nanostructure-aided delivery of various functional molecules 8,[22][23][24][25] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable high aspect ratio polymer nanostructures for cell interfaces

et al. 2015

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Nanoscale topographies and chemical patterns can be used as synthetic cell interfaces with a range of applications including study and control of cellular processes. Herein, we describe the fabrication of high aspect ratio nanostructures using electron beam lithography in the epoxy-based polymer SU-8. We show how nanostructure geometry, position and fluorescent properties can be tuned, allowing flexible device design. Further, thiol-epoxide reactions were developed to give effective and specific modification of SU-8 surface chemistry. SU-8 nanostructures were made directly on glass cover slips, enabling the use of high resolution optical techniques such as live-cell confocal, total internal reflection and 3D structured illumination microscopy to investigate cell interactions with the nanostructures. Details of cell adherence and spreading, plasma membrane conformation and actin organization in response to high aspect ratio nanopillars and nanolines were investigated. The versatile structural and chemical properties combined with high resolution cell imaging capabilities of this system are an important step towards better understanding and controlling cell interactions with nanomaterials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable high aspect ratio polymer nanostructures for cell interfaces

et al. 2015

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“…Direct interconnection of the cells to the external world by interfacing nanomaterials may afford great opportunities to probe and manipulate biological processes occurring inside the cells, across the membranes, and between neighboring cells. 7,8 A nanoscale material with high aspect ratio is a good candidate for this application. For instance, silicon nanowires (SiNWs, d ) 1-100 nm) are a few orders of magnitude smaller in diameter than mammalian cells (d cell ∼ on the order of 10 µm) yet comparable to the sizes of various intracellular biomolecules.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacing Silicon Nanowires with Mammalian Cells

et al. 2007

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Nanotechnology has received increased attention in the biological research field. The important examples are (1) the usage of nanoparticles in optical and magnetic resonance imaging; 1,2 (2) the demonstration of potential application of metal nanoshells and carbon nanotubes for the treatment of tumor and cancer cells; 3,4 and (3) the application of nanowire-based transistors to electrically detect specific biomolecules. 5,6 In all of these cases, the nanomaterials are functioning either inside the cells or at the vicinity of the surface of biomolecules. Direct interconnection of the cells to the external world by interfacing nanomaterials may afford great opportunities to probe and manipulate biological processes occurring inside the cells, across the membranes, and between neighboring cells. 7,8 A nanoscale material with high aspect ratio is a good candidate for this application. For instance, silicon nanowires (SiNWs, d ) 1-100 nm) are a few orders of magnitude smaller in diameter than mammalian cells (d cell ∼ on the order of 10 µm) yet comparable to the sizes of various intracellular biomolecules. The nanowires have high aspect ratio (<10 3 ) and yet are sufficiently rigid to be mechanically manipulated. The nanometer scale diameter and the high aspect ratio of SiNWs make them readily accessible to the interiors of living cells, which may facilitate the study of the complex regulatory and signaling patterns at the molecular level.In this Communication, we present the first demonstration of a direct interface of silicon nanowires with mammalian cells such as mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells and human embryonic kidney (HEK 293T) cells without any external force. The cells were cultured on a silicon (Si) substrate with a vertically aligned SiNW array on it. The penetration of the SiNW array into individual cells naturally occurred during the cell incubation. The cells survived up to several days on the nanowire substrates. The longevity of the cells was highly dependent on the diameter of SiNWs. Furthermore, successful maintenance of cardiac myocytes derived from mES cells on the wire array substrates was observed, and gene delivery using the SiNW array was demonstrated.SiNWs were synthesized vertically aligned with respect to Si-(111) substrates via chemical vapor deposition as described earlier. 9 The diameter of the nanowires was controlled by the size of gold nanoparticles that were used as catalytic seeds for the nanowire synthesis or by reducing the diameter of Si nanowires via oxidation and subsequent hydrofluoric (HF) acid etching step. 10 The SiNW substrates had a native oxide layer and were used without any surface modification unless otherwise specified. Before any exposure to living cells, the substrates were sterilized in a solvent of 70% ethanol and 30% sterile water.First, physical interaction between the nanowires and the cells was studied using confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mouse embryonic stem cells stably expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) were cultured o...

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“…Although nanotube-based field emission arrays have been studied intensively in the past few years, the use of CNTs and other nanostructures in fixed arrays as electrical (or mechanical) probes in biological systems has not received much attention. Investigators at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a method for conjugating DNA sequences to CNTs and presenting this genetic information to the intracellular environment, where it is transcribed and expressed [24,25]. Several groups are working on bioelectrical interfaces incorporating microelectronics [26,27,28], but with conventional electrode materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Order Quadratures for the Solution of Scattering Problems in Two Dimensions

Duan¹,

Rokhlin²

2008

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Tracking Gene Expression after DNA Delivery Using Spatially Indexed Nanofiber Arrays

Cited by 146 publications

References 13 publications

Tunable high aspect ratio polymer nanostructures for cell interfaces

Tunable high aspect ratio polymer nanostructures for cell interfaces

Interfacing Silicon Nanowires with Mammalian Cells

High-Order Quadratures for the Solution of Scattering Problems in Two Dimensions

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