Tracking flanker task dynamics: Evidence for continuous attentional selectivity.

Levi, Cody A; Peterson, Katherine; Kinder, Kaleb; Taş, A. Çağlar; Buss, Aaron T.

doi:10.1037/xhp0001023

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Kinder et al. ( 2022 ) used mouse tracking to provide recent evidence supporting continuous attentional selection in the flanker task, consistent with our assumption of smooth continuous changes in channel activation. The attention dynamics illustrate the interplay between top-down and bottom-up factors, as exemplified by Folk and Remington ’s ( 1998 ) work on attention capture.…”

Section: The Revised Diffusion Model For Conflict Tasks (Rdmc)supporting

confidence: 82%

A revised diffusion model for conflict tasks

Lee

Sewell

2023

Psychon Bull Rev

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The recently developed diffusion model for conflict tasks (DMC) Ulrich et al. (Cognitive Psychology, 78, 148–174, 2015) provides a good account of data from all standard conflict tasks (e.g., Stroop, Simon, and flanker tasks) within a common evidence accumulation framework. A central feature of DMC’s processing dynamics is that there is an initial phase of rapid accumulation of distractor evidence that is then selectively withdrawn from the decision mechanism as processing continues. We argue that this assumption is potentially troubling because it could be viewed as implying qualitative changes in the representation of distractor information over the time course of processing. These changes suggest more than simple inhibition or suppression of distractor information, as they involve evidence produced by distractor processing “changing sign” over time. In this article, we (a) develop a revised DMC (RDMC) whose dynamics operate strictly within the limits of inhibition/suppression (i.e., evidence strength can change monotonically, but cannot change sign); (b) demonstrate that RDMC can predict the full range of delta plots observed in the literature (i.e., both positive-going and negative-going); and (c) show that the model provides excellent fits to Simon and flanker data used to benchmark the original DMC at both the individual and group level. Our model provides a novel account of processing differences across Simon and flanker tasks. Specifically, that they differ in how distractor information is processed on congruent trials, rather than incongruent trials: congruent trials in the Simon task show relatively slow attention shifting away from distractor information (i.e., location) while complete and rapid attention shifting occurs in the flanker task. Our new model highlights the importance of considering dynamic interactions between top-down goals and bottom-up stimulus effects in conflict processing.

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Section: The Revised Diffusion Model For Conflict Tasks (Rdmc)supporting

confidence: 82%

A revised diffusion model for conflict tasks

Lee

Sewell

2023

Psychon Bull Rev

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“…Another scenario that deserves additional scutiny concerns continuous movement reports. Similar to EMG findings, reaching trajectories are modulated by perceptual and cognitive factors (e.g., Buc Calderon et al, 2015;Kinder et al, 2022;Song and Nakayama, 2009;Sullivan et al, 2015). However, the application of DSDTDM to choice reaching tasks is not straightforward.…”

Section: Neurophysiological Implementation Theoretical Limitations An...mentioning

confidence: 75%

The gated cascade diffusion model: An integrated theory of decision-making, motor preparation, and motor execution

Dendauw¹,

Evans²,

Logan³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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This article introduces an integrated and biologically-inspired theory of decision-making, motor preparation, and motor execution. The theory is formalized as an extension of the diﬀusion model, in which diﬀusive accumulated evidence from the decision-making process is continuously conveyed to motor preparation brain areas, where it is ﬁltered out through a second accumulation processing stage. The resulting motor preparation variable is then transmitted to the response-relevant muscles when it exceeds a threshold level of activation, corresponding to the beginning of motor execution. The transmission continues until a threshold amount of force has been produced by the muscles to issue the response. We tested this dual-stage dual-threshold diﬀusion model by continuously probing the electrical activity of response-relevant muscles through electromyography (EMG) in four choice tasks that span a variety of domains in cognitive sciences, namely motion perception, numerical cognition, recognition memory, and lexical knowledge. The model provided a good quantitative account of behavioral and EMG data, and systematically outperformed previous models. This work represents an advance in the integration of processes involved in simple decisions, and sheds new light into the interplay between decision and motor systems.

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“…Another scenario that deserves additional scrutiny concerns continuous movement reports. Similar to EMG findings, reaching trajectories are modulated by perceptual and cognitive factors (e.g., Buc Calderon et al, 2015;Kinder et al, 2022;Song & Nakayama, 2009;Sullivan et al, 2015). However, the application of GCDF to choice reaching tasks is not straightforward.…”

Section: Neurophysiological Implementation Theoretical Limitations An...mentioning

confidence: 75%

The gated cascade diffusion model: An integrated theory of decision making, motor preparation, and motor execution.

Dendauw,

Evans,

Logan

et al. 2024

Psychological Review

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This article introduces an integrated and biologically inspired theory of decision making, motor preparation, and motor execution. The theory is formalized as an extension of the diffusion model, in which diffusive accumulated evidence from the decision-making process is continuously conveyed to motor areas of the brain that prepare the response, where it is smoothed by a mechanism that approximates a Kalman-Bucy filter. The resulting motor preparation variable is gated prior to reaching agonist muscles until it exceeds a particular level of activation. We tested this gated cascade diffusion model by continuously probing the electrical activity of the response agonists through electromyography in four choice tasks that span a variety of domains in cognitive sciences, namely motion perception, numerical cognition, recognition memory, and lexical knowledge. The model provided a good quantitative account of behavioral and electromyographic data and systematically outperformed previous models. This work represents an advance in the integration of processes involved in simple decisions and sheds new light on the interplay between decision and motor systems.

show abstract

Tracking flanker task dynamics: Evidence for continuous attentional selectivity.

Cited by 7 publications

References 42 publications

A revised diffusion model for conflict tasks

A revised diffusion model for conflict tasks

The gated cascade diffusion model: An integrated theory of decision-making, motor preparation, and motor execution

The gated cascade diffusion model: An integrated theory of decision making, motor preparation, and motor execution.

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