Tracking enteric viruses in green vegetables from central Argentina: potential association with viral contamination of irrigation waters

Prez, Verónica Emilse; Martı́nez, Laura C.; Victoria, Matías; Giordano, Miguel O.; Masachessi, Gisela; Ré, Viviana Elizabeth; Pavan, Jorge Victorio; Colina, Rodney; Barril, Patricia A.; Nates, Silvia

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.044

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Such diversity of EVs linked to different diseases deserves attention from the public health point of view since when it is interpreted together with the scarce data obtained from medical diagnoses, this suggests, in the worst possible scenario, an under-reporting of several diseases with important implications for the population´s health. Additionally, environmental samples frequently contain viable EVs [ 29 , 41 , 42 , 43 ] which means that several of the detected EVs types represented certain risk of infection to those who were exposed to wastewater or to other polluted environmental matrices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Surveillance through Next-Generation Sequencing to Unveil the Diversity of Human Enteroviruses beyond the Reported Clinical Cases

Lizasoain

Mir

Masachessi

et al. 2021

Viruses

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The knowledge about circulation of Human Enteroviruses (EVs) obtained through medical diagnosis in Argentina is scarce. Wastewater samples monthly collected in Córdoba, Argentina during 2011–2012, and then in 2017–2018 were retrospectively studied to assess the diversity of EVs in the community. Partial VP1 gene was amplified by PCR from wastewater concentrates, and amplicons were subject of next-generation sequencing and genetic analyses. There were 41 EVs detected, from which ~50% had not been previously reported in Argentina. Most of the characterized EVs (60%) were detected at both sampling periods, with similar values of intratype nucleotide diversity. Exceptions were enterovirus A71, coxsackievirus B4, echovirus 14, and echovirus 30, which diversified in 2017–2018. There was a predominance of types from EV-C in 2017–2018, evidencing a common circulation of these types throughout the year in the community. Interestingly, high genetic similarity was evidenced among environmental strains of echovirus 30 circulating in 2011–2012 and co-temporal isolates obtained from patients suffering aseptic meningitis in different locations of Argentina. This study provides an updated insight about EVs circulating in an important region of South America, and suggests a valuable role of wastewater-based epidemiology in predicting outbreaks before the onset of cases in the community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Surveillance through Next-Generation Sequencing to Unveil the Diversity of Human Enteroviruses beyond the Reported Clinical Cases

Lizasoain

Mir

Masachessi

et al. 2021

Viruses

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“…European countries, including Finland, the Czech Republic, Serbia, Poland, Italy, and Germany, have indicated low detection rates of HuNoV (3.6~8.3%) [ 17 , 52 , 53 ]. Contrarily, Argentina, Ghana, and Egypt have reported high detection rates of HuNoV in irrigation water (31~80%) [ 54 , 55 , 56 ]. Therefore, viral contamination of irrigation water sources (e.g., groundwater, wastewater, rivers, and reservoirs) should be monitored and controlled for ensuring the production of safe produce.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Weather and Environmental Factors on the Seasonal Prevalence of Foodborne Viruses in Irrigation Waters in Gyeonggi Province, Korea

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of foodborne viruses in reservoirs (an important resource of irrigation water) and its correlation with environmental and weather factors. From May 2017 to November 2018, we visited ten reservoirs and a river in the Anseong region of South Korea and collected a total of 192 samples in accordance with the environment protection agency guidelines. We recorded the weather factors (temperature, humidity, and accumulated precipitation) and investigated the surrounding environment factors (livestock, fishing site, the catchment area of reservoirs, etc.). Our research results show that from the river and reservoirs, the detection rates of human norovirus GII, adenovirus, rotavirus, human norovirus GI, and astrovirus were 27.1, 10.4, 10.4, 4.16, and 3.1%, respectively. Their viral load ranged from −1.48 to 1.55 log10 genome copies/l. However, hepatitis A virus was not detected in any irrigation water sample. Although no sampling was performed in winter, foodborne viruses and male-specific coliphages were frequently found during spring (40.78%) and autumn (39.47%). Interestingly, the significant correlation between the accumulative precipitation and the number of detected norovirus and adenovirus was confirmed by linear regression analysis. Furthermore, when the accumulative precipitation ranged from 20 to 60 mm, it significantly affected the viral load and prevalence. Among the environmental factors, recreational facilities such as fishing sites and bungalow fishing spots were identified as contamination sources by correlation analysis. Our research results confirmed the correlations between environmental contamination factors in the reservoir and weather factors with the prevalence of foodborne viruses in the reservoir. These facilitates the assessment of potential foodborne virus contamination during crop irrigation. In addition, predictive models including environmental and weather factors should be developed for monitoring and controlling the safety of irrigation waters in reservoirs.

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“…Viruses cause 35.4% of the foodborne illnesses associated with leafy vegetables (Painter et al., ), which can be contaminated with viral pathogens in different ways, including improper food handling practices (Jaykus, D'Souza, & Moe, ). Contamination also could occur when plants come into contact with contaminated irrigation or runoff water during the preharvest period (Erickson, ; Garcia, Dimasupil, Vital, Widmer, & Rivera, ), or enteric viruses can be transmitted during irrigation or fertilization of crops with contaminated water (Prez et al., ). Surface water, which often is used as irrigation water, often receives wastewater effluent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RV has been detected in fresh vegetables such as coriander, parsley, celery, spinach, cherry, strawberry, and lettuce in Mexico City (Parada‐Fabian, Juarez‐Garcia, Natividad‐Bonifacio, Vazquez‐Salinas, & Quinones‐Ramirez, ; Quiroz‐Santiago, Vazquez‐Salinas, Natividad‐Bonifacio, Barron‐Romero, & Quinones‐Ramirez, ), in lettuce in Costa Rica and the United States (Aw, Wengert, & Rose, ; Hernandez, Monge, Jimenez, & Taylor, ), and in packaged leafy greens and field‐grown strawberries in Canada (Brassard, Gagne, Genereux, & Cote, ; Mattison et al., ). In addition to being detected in fresh vegetables, RV is also prevalent in irrigation water, untreated and treated wastewater, and river water (Kitajima et al., ; Kiulia et al., ; Lodder & de Roda Husman, ; Prez et al., ). RV has also been detected on lettuce irrigated with river water (Prez et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to being detected in fresh vegetables, RV is also prevalent in irrigation water, untreated and treated wastewater, and river water (Kitajima et al., ; Kiulia et al., ; Lodder & de Roda Husman, ; Prez et al., ). RV has also been detected on lettuce irrigated with river water (Prez et al., ). These studies suggest that the emergence of RV foodborne transmission is possible (Aw et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Roles of Vegetable Surface Properties and Sanitizer Type on Annual Disease Burden of Rotavirus Illness by Consumption of Rotavirus‐Contaminated Fresh Vegetables: A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment

Fuzawa

Smith

et al. 2019

Risk Analysis

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Enteric viruses are often detected in water used for crop irrigation. One concern is foodborne viral disease via the consumption of fresh produce irrigated with virus-contaminated water. Although the food industry routinely uses chemical sanitizers to disinfect post-harvest fresh produce, it remains unknown how sanitizer and fresh produce properties affect the risk of viral illness through fresh produce consumption. A quantitative microbial risk assessment model was conducted to estimate (i) the health risks associated with consumption of rotavirus (RV)-contaminated fresh produce with different surface properties (endive and kale) and (ii) how risks changed when using peracetic acid (PAA) or a surfactant-based sanitizer. The modeling results showed that the annual disease burden depended on the combination of sanitizer and vegetable type when vegetables were irrigated with RV-contaminated water. Global sensitivity analyses revealed that the most influential factors in the disease burden were RV concentration in irrigation water and postharvest disinfection efficacy. A postharvest disinfection efficacy of higher than 99% (2-log 10 ) was needed to decrease the disease burden below the World Health Organization (WHO) threshold, even in scenarios with low RV concentrations in irrigation water (i.e., river water). All scenarios tested here with at least 99.9% (3-log 10 ) disinfection efficacy had a disease burden lower than the WHO threshold, except for the endive treated with PAA. The disinfection efficacy for the endive treated with PAA was only about 80%, leading to a disease burden 100 times higher than the WHO threshold. These findings should be considered and incorporated into future models for estimating foodborne viral illness risks.

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Tracking enteric viruses in green vegetables from central Argentina: potential association with viral contamination of irrigation waters

Cited by 35 publications

References 47 publications

Environmental Surveillance through Next-Generation Sequencing to Unveil the Diversity of Human Enteroviruses beyond the Reported Clinical Cases

Environmental Surveillance through Next-Generation Sequencing to Unveil the Diversity of Human Enteroviruses beyond the Reported Clinical Cases

Effects of Weather and Environmental Factors on the Seasonal Prevalence of Foodborne Viruses in Irrigation Waters in Gyeonggi Province, Korea

Roles of Vegetable Surface Properties and Sanitizer Type on Annual Disease Burden of Rotavirus Illness by Consumption of Rotavirus‐Contaminated Fresh Vegetables: A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment

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