Tracking Cloned Electronic Components using a Consortium-based Blockchain Infrastructure

Vosatka, Jason; Stern, Andrew; Hossain, Muhammad Monir; Rahman, Fahim; Allen, Jeffery; Allen, Monica; Farahmandi, Farimah; Tehranipoor, Mark

doi:10.1109/paine49178.2020.9337735

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Furthermore, it enables transparency in supply chain activities by allowing asset verification, and transactions to be approved through voting. Vosatka et al [55] makes use of a consortium style blockchain as well since it is a flexible, semi-private network with governing bodies managing permissions, combining decentralisation, transparency, and speed with private blockchain security. Chaudhary et al [68] include certain TA node addresses in the contract, and these TA nodes hold extra privileges.…”

Section: B Blockchain Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, device holder hash values are compared to confirm authenticity. Authenticity verification, as described by Vosatka et al [55], occurs at each stage by utilising the device's ECID and PUF CRPs. A chip's authenticity is established when its PUF response aligns with the corresponding entry in the blockchain ledger.…”

Section: F Authenticity Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A chip's authenticity is established when its PUF response aligns with the corresponding entry in the blockchain ledger. To identify suspected clone devices and associated participants, the authors of [55] record the ECID and CRPs of marked clone devices on a ledger.…”

Section: F Authenticity Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anita et al [71] propose the use of Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non Interactive Argument of Knowledge (zk-SNARK) to ensure the privacy of supply chain participants. Vosatka et al [55] eliminate a single failure point of data loss using decentralised storage. They make use of a combination of three ledgers to store all the data.…”

Section: Table 15: Data Security and Availability Along With Encrypti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The integrated chip is authenticated if the calculated hash matches the blockchain hash. In the study presented by Vosatka et al [55] when the chip's PUF is queried by an entity/stakeholder, CRP verifications resulting in confidence levels above the threshold confidence level receive the highest confidence the chip is uncloned and authentic.Verification results below the threshold are considered to be cloned. Chaudhary et al [68] use CRPs in the authentication process.…”

Section: K Challenge Response Pairs(crps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blockchain in the Electronics Industry for Supply Chain Management: A Survey

Jadon,

Rao,

Jagadish

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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Supply chain as an industry has gone through four-fold changes in the last century. Born as a bare-bones structure in 1.0 it grew to incorporate some form of record preservation in 2.0 and then integrated communication between two entities in 3.0. Supply chain 4.0, the current one, has total global integration of multiple entities with the records digitised. But increasing entities and pipelines, means increasing complexities, overhead and soft spots. In this paper, a systematic literature review is done with the objective of analysing existing Supply Chain 4.0. The focus of the paper is the usage of blockchain technology in the electronic industry to provide a decentralised architecture. Several papers were compared on the basis of different schemas like the type of blockchain network used, platform deployed on, security of frameworks, representation of unique identity, testing authenticity, working implementation, cost of implementation, etc. The pros and cons of various privacy and security methodologies are also explored and discussed. The paper also discusses the open issues and challenges in the same area of interest. Finally, the paper outlines the future scope to be delved into as a part of the future research.INDEX TERMS Supply chain, blockchain, security, smart contracts, electronic chips. I. INTRODUCTIONA Supply chain is a complex network of organisations and activities that transforms raw materials into a final product. It includes every step of the journey, like suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and customers.Consider a simple example of the manufacturing of a smartphone. The supply chain begins with the extraction of raw materials and ends with a purchase by the consumer. Raw materials like metals and minerals are extracted for components like batteries, screens, and casings. Different components of the phone are manufactured in specialised factories. The components are brought together in an assembly plant to create complete smartphones. The smartphones are then transported to various regions through warehouses and logistics. They are sold in retail stores or online platforms. Consumers purchase and use these smartphones for communication and other functions.It can be seen that goods are traversed through multiple stages, people, and organisations on their way to the final consumer. As supply chains get more global and complex,

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Section: B Blockchain Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F Authenticity Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F Authenticity Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Table 15: Data Security and Availability Along With Encrypti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: K Challenge Response Pairs(crps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Blockchain in the Electronics Industry for Supply Chain Management: A Survey

Jadon,

Rao,

Jagadish

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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eChain: A Blockchain-Enabled Ecosystem for Electronic Device Authenticity Verification

Vashistha

Hossain

Shahriar

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron.

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Heterogeneous Integration Supply Chain Integrity Through Blockchain and CHSM

Calzada,

Sami,

Azar

et al. 2023

ACM Trans. Des. Autom. Electron. Syst.

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Over the past few decades, electronics have become commonplace in government, commercial, and social domains. These devices have developed rapidly, as seen in the prevalent use of System on Chips (SoCs) rather than separate integrated circuits on a single circuit board. As the semiconductor community begins conversations over the end of Moore’s Law, an approach to further increase both functionality per area and yield using segregated functionality dies on a common interposer die, labeled a System in Package (SiP), is gaining attention. Thus, the chiplet and SiP space has grown to meet this demand, creating a new packaging paradigm, Advanced Packaging, and a new supply chain. This new distributed supply chain with multiple chiplet developers and foundries has augmented counterfeit vulnerabilities. Chiplets are currently available on an open market, and their origin and authenticity consequently are difficult to ascertain. With this lack of control over the stages of the supply chain, counterfeit threats manifest at the chiplet, interposer, and SiP levels. In this paper, we identify counterfeit threats in the SiP domain, and we propose a mitigating framework utilizing blockchain for the effective traceability of SiPs to establish provenance. Our framework utilizes the Chiplet Hardware Security Module (CHSM) to authenticate a SiP throughout its life. To accomplish this, we leverage SiP information including Electronic Chip IDs (ECIDs) of chiplets, Combating Die and IC Recycling (CDIR) sensor information, documentation, test patterns and/or electrical measurements, grade, and part number of the SiP. We detail the structure of the blockchain and establish protocols for both enrolling trusted information into the blockchain network and authenticating the SiP. Our framework mitigates SiP counterfeit threats including recycled, remarked, cloned, overproduced interposer, forged documentation, and substituted chiplet while detecting of out-of-spec and defective SiPs.

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Tracking Cloned Electronic Components using a Consortium-based Blockchain Infrastructure

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Blockchain in the Electronics Industry for Supply Chain Management: A Survey

Blockchain in the Electronics Industry for Supply Chain Management: A Survey

eChain: A Blockchain-Enabled Ecosystem for Electronic Device Authenticity Verification

Heterogeneous Integration Supply Chain Integrity Through Blockchain and CHSM

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