Tracking Career Paths of Women in Neurosurgery

Renfrow, Jaclyn J.; Rodriguez, Analiz; Wilson, Taylor; Germano, Isabelle M.; Abosch, Aviva; Wolfe, Stacey Quintero

doi:10.1093/neuros/nyx251

Cited by 101 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Only the field of orthopedics demonstrates a lower percentage (1%) of female full professors, whereas some specialties, such as pediatrics and family medicine, can claim a much higher percentage (19% and 18%, respectively). 12 It is worth noting here that this year, a Stanford University neurosurgeon, Dr. Odette Harris, became only the second African-American female tenured neurosurgery professor in US history, after Dr. Alexa Canady at Wayne State University. 13 While the focus of this article is on gender diversity in neurosurgery, we emphasize that diversity of all types should be embraced in neurosurgery for the continued advancement and vigor of our field.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Women in neurosurgery: inequality redux

Abosch

Rutka²

2018

Journal of Neurosurgery

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confidence: 99%

Women in neurosurgery: inequality redux

Abosch

Rutka²

2018

Journal of Neurosurgery

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“…As previously reported, it is important to ensure that this increase can translate into an overall increase in ABNS certification and professional career in neurosurgery. 45 The increased number of neurosurgery residents trained over the last decade exceeds the increase in the US population: 24% versus 7%, respectively. The need for a greater number of neurosurgeons might be justified by multiple factors, including increased population longevity, greater access to medical care, and improved diagnostic modalities, to mention a few.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in United States neurosurgery residency education and training over the last decade (2009–2019)

Yaeger

Munich

Byrne

et al. 2020

Neurosurgical Focus

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OBJECTIVEPostgraduate training in medicine has been under scrutiny in the last 10 years, with a focus on improving residents’ education. The aim of this study was to quantify trends in neurosurgery residency (NSR) training and education over the last 10 years.METHODSThe authors assessed Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), National Resident Matching Program, and American Board of Neurological Surgeons records and searched PubMed to collate 2009–2019 data. Analyzed trends included residents’ demographic data, programs’ characteristics, graduation and attrition rates, match data, resident case logs, and qualitative educational curriculum changes.RESULTSSignificant increases in residents’ demographic data (p < 0.05) included the number of female residents (from 12.7% to 17.6%) and the absolute number of residents (from 1112 to 1462). Age (mean 28.8 years), ethnicity, and number of residents per program (mean 13 residents per program) were unchanged. There were 16 new ACGME NSR programs, with currently 115 programs nationwide. The number of applicants per year (324 applicants per year) and the matching rate (mean 64%) remained stable. The mean attrition rate of 2.6% (range 2%–4%) was higher than the mean 2.1% ACGME attrition rate, a rate that decreased from 3% in 2009 to 1.6% in 2019. Education curriculum changes aimed at the standardization of training across the US included residents’ boot camp (2009), the Milestones project (2012), and mandatory 7-year training initiated in 2013. An increase in endovascular, functional, trauma, and spine resident caseload was noted. The number of yearly publications about US NSR education has significantly increased (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSNSR education has received greater attention over the last decade in the US. Standardization of training has been implemented. A steady number of students remain interested in neurosurgery, with an increased number of women entering the field. Attention to wellness, in addition to high-quality education, should be further assessed as a factor to improve the overall NSR training and retention rate.

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“…Female representation in the field of medicine has grown substantially over the past few decades with women now representing 50% of medical school matriculants -a stark increase from the less than 10% reported previously [1,2]. While this trend is undoubtedly encouraging, female representation remains poor in the historically male-dominated surgical specialties, which include cardiothoracic surgery, orthopedic surgery, and neurological surgery [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have observed lower rates of female representation in professions with demanding schedules and competitive environments, such as those commonly experienced in STEM fields [1,[4][5][6][7]. Lack of female mentors and role models has also been reported by women as deterrents in entering these professions [1,2,4,7,8]. Potential gender-related salary differences in these fields may act as additional disincentives for women [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Pay Equity in Academic Neurosurgery at United States Public Universities

Kearns

Chen

Jane

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Background Compensation has historically been unequal for men versus women in medical fields, particularly in surgical subspecialties. Objective We analyzed associations between gender and compensation and identified factors associated with compensation among male and female academic neurosurgeons in the United States (US) public institutions. Methods This is a cross-sectional study of available data for the 2016-2017 fiscal years associated with male and female neurosurgical faculty from public, academic institutions within the US. The data used for analysis included total annual salary, which consisted of the base salary and additional compensation. Other gleaned data included faculty demographics, training, and academic appointments. The male and female neurosurgeons' data were separated into two respective gender groups and then were compared. Predictors of compensation were identified using univariable and non-imputed and multiply-imputed multivariable statistical models. Results The cohort was comprised of 460 neurosurgery faculty members (female n=34; male n=426). Total annual salaries were comparable between the genders. Females were more likely to be younger (p=0.001), to have completed neurosurgery training recently (p=0.003), to have had fellowship training (p=0.011), and to have lower h-indices (p=0.003) compared to males. Males and females differed in academic ranks (p=0.035) and neurosurgical subspecialties (p=0.038).

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Tracking Career Paths of Women in Neurosurgery

Cited by 101 publications

References 23 publications

Women in neurosurgery: inequality redux

Women in neurosurgery: inequality redux

Trends in United States neurosurgery residency education and training over the last decade (2009–2019)

Gender-Pay Equity in Academic Neurosurgery at United States Public Universities

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