Tracking and ground cover ratio

Narvarte, Luís; Lorenzo, E.

doi:10.1002/pip.847

Cited by 96 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The energy production of the reference PV system that is required for the calculation of the performance indicators is simulated with a tool developed at IES-UPM and based on widely accepted models, whose details have been described elsewhere [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The simulations require the input of the horizontal solar radiation and the ambient temperature data, both on a monthly basis, which have been obtained from SoDa [20] and PVGIS [21] respectively.…”

Section: Technical Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the performance of residential PV systems in Belgium

Leloux

Narvarte

Trebosc³

2012

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords:Residential PV system Energy production Performance ratio Performance Índex PI BelgiumThe main objective of this paper is to review the state of the art of residential PV systems in Belgium by the analysis of the operational data of 993 installations. For that, three main questions are posed: how much energy do they produce? What level of performance is associated to their production? Which are the key parameters that most influence their quality? This work brings answers to these questions. A middling commercial PV system, optimally oriented, produces a mean annual energy of 892 l

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Section: Technical Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the performance of residential PV systems in Belgium

Leloux

Narvarte

Trebosc³

2012

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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“…The performance of tracking PV systems and mutual shadows models have already been studied by other authors: [6] analyze the relation between shadows, area occupation, tracker and plant geometry, limitation of tracking angle and electrical configuration of the generator; [7] include a chapter devoted to geometrical considerations of tracking systems, the energy produced by each tracking technology and the analysis of mutual shadows; [8] examine the geometry of shadows in an azimuthal tracking system, applying the results to the design of a PV plant; [9] study the tracking and shading geometry for single vertical axis, single horizontal axis and two axes, and present simulation results regarding energy production and ground cover; [10] introduce an algorithm that allows the calculation of the optimal location of the PV trackers of a photovoltaic facility on a building of irregular shape, taking into account the shadows caused by the PV trackers and the obstacles that are on the building or surrounding it.…”

Section: Shadows In a Two-axis Tracking Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The area of the PV generator and the total land requirement are commonly related with the Ground Coverage Ratio (GCR) [9,8,12]. This ratio quantifies the percentage of land being effectively occupied by the system.…”

Section: The Ground Requirement Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost of energy and mutual shadows in a two-axis tracking PV system

David¹

2012

Renewable Energy

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The performance improvement obtained from the use of trackers in a PV system cannot be separated from the higher requirement of land due to the mutual shadows between generators. Thus, the optimal choice of distances between trackers is a compromise between productivity and land use to minimize the cost of the energy produced by the PV system during its lifetime. This paper develops a method for the estimation and optimization of the cost of energy function. It is built upon a set of equations to model the mutual shadows geometry and a procedure for the optimal choice of the wire cross-section. Several examples illustrate the use of the method with a particular PV system under different conditions of land and equipment costs.This method is implemented using free software available as supplementary material.Keywords: mutual shadows, two-axis tracking, productivity, grid-connected PV system, numerical optimization Nomenclature bAspect ratio (length-width) of a tracker. B e fEffective direct irradiation (irradiance) incident on a PV generator. C ECost of the energy produced by a PV system during its lifetime (€/kWh).C P Cost of the PV system including maintenance costs (€). D e fEffective diffuse irradiation (irradiance) incident on a PV generator.Circumsolar fraction of the effective diffuse irradiance.Isotropic fraction of the effective diffuse irradiance. E ACEnergy produced by a PV system during its lifetime (kWh).γ s Altitude sun angle.

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“…An analysis model for comparing the energy capture between fixed tilt angle and sun tracking systems, in clear sky and mean sky conditions, has been developed in [3]. Specific software tools were realized to simulate the energy yield of PV systems as a function of the ground cover ratio, for different tracking strategies [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic optimization of a 2-DOF pseudo-equatorial tracking in virtual prototyping concept

Alexandru¹,

Comsit²,

Alexandru³

2008

REPQJ

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Abstract. The key word for the design process of the photovoltaic tracking systems is the energetic efficiency. Using the tracking system, the photovoltaic panel follows the sun and increase the collected energy, but the driving motors & actuators consume a part of this energy. In these terms, the optimization of the tracking system became an important provocation in the modern research and technology.In this paper, we evaluate a strategy for the dynamic optimization of the photovoltaic tracking systems. The main task in optimization is to maximize the energetic gain by increasing the incoming solar radiation and minimizing the energy consumption for tracking. This strategy is possible by developing the virtual prototype of the tracking system, which is a control loop composed by the multibody mechanical model connected with the dynamic model of the actuators and with the controller model. In this way, we are able to optimize the tracking mechanism, choose the appropriate actuators, and design the optimal controller.

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Tracking and ground cover ratio

Cited by 96 publications

References 13 publications

Review of the performance of residential PV systems in Belgium

Review of the performance of residential PV systems in Belgium

Cost of energy and mutual shadows in a two-axis tracking PV system

Dynamic optimization of a 2-DOF pseudo-equatorial tracking in virtual prototyping concept

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