Tracking ancient glass production in India: elemental and isotopic analysis of raw materials

Dussubieux, Laure; Fenn, Thomas; Abraham, Shinu Anna; Kanungo, Alok Kumar

doi:10.1007/s12520-022-01692-2

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Uniquely, both reh and laterite formation share the characteristic of rainwater percolation into surficial rocks as well as leachate rise driven by capillary action recurring during alternating wet and dry seasons (Wadia 1975;Dussubieux et al 2022).…”

Section: Tropical Weathering Processes: Upper Crust-like Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic and geological insights on geochemical signatures left in ancient glass

Chang,

Lee,

Seo

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glass artifacts have been the subject of extensive trade as exquisite items of the social elite since ancient times. Vestiges of their production and migration are still visible around the globe. To comprehend the historical narrative of human life encapsulated within them, it is imperative to ascertain their inception, which directly correlates with the identification of raw materials used in glassmaking. This is attributed to the material’s distinctiveness, enabling it to aptly reflect the climatic and geologic characteristics of the respective geographic location where the glass is produced. However, glass, made through the fusion of raw materials, retains only its bulk chemistry, lacking visual and mineralogical associations with the input. Here we present a compilation of thousands of accessible glass analyses and demonstrate the relationship between the geographical origins and geochemical signatures of the glasses. We found that climate and regional geology play crucial roles in differentiating unique chemical types of the glasses across geographical variations. The coherent factors identified include the widespread carbonate platform and evaporites associated with the arid climate in the Middle East and Mediterranean coast, as well as the abundance of rare-earth ores and laterite formed under the influence of the tropical climate in southern Asia. Furthermore, the behavior of several elements implies their relevance to the genetic origins of fluxes and a global orogenic belt. We anticipate our assay to serve as a solid foundation for providing a clearer and more visual representation of the ancient East-West glass trade.

show abstract

Section: Tropical Weathering Processes: Upper Crust-like Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic and geological insights on geochemical signatures left in ancient glass

Chang,

Lee,

Seo

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The main raw material of glass is quartz sand, whose main chemical composition is silicon dioxide (SiO2) [1]. The main chemical composition differs depending on the flux added during calcination [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition analysis and identification of ancient glass products based on gray correlation

Chang¹,

Yang²,

Xu³

et al. 2023

HSET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study of ancient glass, as an important branch of scientific and technological archaeology, is an important physical material for exploring the economic, technological and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries on the Silk Road. It is of great significance for the study of the development of ancient societies and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. This paper focuses on the composition analysis and identification of ancient glass products, based on data mining and software analysis, giving the weathering pattern of glass surface, predicting the chemical composition content before weathering, as well as cluster analysis and correlation analysis of different categories of glass and their chemical composition. We also concluded that the composition of silica, potassium oxide and barium oxide in high potassium glass artifacts changed to a great extent before and after weathering, while the composition of silica and lead oxide in lead-barium glass artifacts changed to a great extent, and finally, we constructed a multiple linear regression model for prediction by the data of each chemical composition at the weathering point, and conducted F-test on the model to prove that the prediction models of silica, potassium oxide, barium oxide and lead oxide had a good performance. The F-test of the model proved the reasonableness of the prediction models for silica, potassium oxide, barium oxide, and lead oxide. It can be concluded that the glass type has an influence on the chemical composition of glass, so the glass can be divided into two categories of glass: high potassium and lead-barium, and then the chemical composition of these two categories of glass were analyzed separately by gray correlation analysis to obtain the top five correlation ranking of the chemical composition of each category of glass, and then the differences in the chemical composition of these two categories of glass were compared.

show abstract

“…Glass in west Asia and Egypt to make bead jewelry through the silk road into China [1], ancient glass was easily affected by the buried environment and weathering, weathering process, affected the judgment of class [2], an existing batch of ancient glass products, archaeologists according to the chemical composition and other detection methods are divided into high potassium glass and lead barium glass two types, but because of detection means may lead to chemical composition proportion changes, so we should according to the attachment of cultural relics related data to solve the following problems:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical subclasses of ancient glass based on K-means

Han¹,

He²,

Li³

2023

AETR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

After the opening of the Maritime Silk Road, glass products flooded into China, which is an epitome of ancient China's foreign exchanges. Due to its exposure to the environment, the action of air, water, acid, and alkali substances, the chemical composition of the glass surface changes, thus affecting the judgment of the category. In this study, the subclassification of ancient cultural relics realized the chemical composition analysis of ancient glass and its subclass classification. First of all, the classification rules of high potassium glass and lead barium glass are obtained through analysis, which is divided into four categories: high potassium weathering, high potassium without weathering, lead barium weathering, and lead barium without weathering. Second, the cluster copula map was established, and the subclassification results were obtained combined with the K-means algorithm. Finally, the content of the chemical composition is different, so the division method is reasonable. After changing the original data, that is, changing the content of a chemical composition (-10%, -5%, 5%, 5%, 10%) into the original model, the experimental results can conclude that the model has high sensitivity. Finally, the construction of the subclassification model in this study can better provide the technical support for the analysis and identification of ancient chemical components, which is of great significance and value in the fields of archaeology, cultural heritage protection and, materials science.

show abstract

Tracking ancient glass production in India: elemental and isotopic analysis of raw materials

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

Climatic and geological insights on geochemical signatures left in ancient glass

Climatic and geological insights on geochemical signatures left in ancient glass

Composition analysis and identification of ancient glass products based on gray correlation

Chemical subclasses of ancient glass based on K-means

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About