Track size and track structure in polymer irradiated by heavy ions

Apel, P. Yu.; Schulz, Α.; Spohr, R.; Trautmann, C.; Vutsadakis, V.

doi:10.1016/s0168-583x(98)00445-5

Cited by 108 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Details of the nanopore fabrication method can be found in previous works. 19,20 The radius ͑R͒ of the track-etched nanopore was determined by measuring the pore conductance ͑G͒ with Ag/AgCl electrodes in a 1M KCl solution. 19 The effective radii R can be calculated with G = R 2 / L, where ͑11.6 S/m͒ is the specific conductivity of 1M KCl and L is the pore length.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface charge density of the track-etched nanopores in polyethylene terephthalate foils

Xue

Xie

et al. 2009

Biomicrofluidics

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Surface charge is one of the most important properties of nanopores, which determines the nanopore performance in many practical applications. We report the surface charge densities of track-etched nanopores, which were obtained by measuring the streaming current and pore conductance, respectively. Experimental results reveal that surface charge densities depend significantly on the salt concentrations. In addition the values obtained with the pore conductance were always several times higher than those calculated with the streaming current, and the gel-like surface layer on the nanopore was considered to be responsible for this discrepancy.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the pore diameter of a single track-etched nanopore is always determined with the pore conductance in a 1M KCl solution, 19 but the surface charge effect was considered in the calculation. Therefore, the real geometrical diameter of the pore should be smaller than the calculated values due to the effect of the surface gel-like layer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface charge density of the track-etched nanopores in polyethylene terephthalate foils

Xue

Xie

et al. 2009

Biomicrofluidics

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“…These collisions lead further to formation of specific defects by both physical and chemical routes, the density of defects being larger in insulators when compared to conductors such as metals. Therefore, in this way the "byproduct" of the projectile's collisions is a region where numerous defects are formed including simple ones such as vacancies and interstitials in crystalline materials but also more complex in materials like polymers or glasses [40,41]. Finally, due to defect diffusion and secondary reactions, a track of up to 10 nm in diameter is formed in the target material.…”

Section: Template Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallic Nanowires and Nanotubes Prepared by Template Replication

Matei

Enculescu

Preda

et al. 2014

Size Effects in Nanostructures

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Low dimensional nanostructures represent a hot scientific field nowadays due mainly to the tremendous potential for applications. Low dimensions open the possibilities for both ultra-miniaturization and increase in functionality. Numerous procedures were developed for fabricating such nanostructures. Template replication represents a highly effective method in fabricating metallic nanowires and nanotubes. The approach is characterized by the excellent control in obtaining nano objects with the desired shape and dimensions. A large variety of templates are available ranging from viruses and proteins to nanoporous membranes fabricated by using swift heavy ion accelerators. In the following chapter the main steps involved

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“…Energetic sec- ondary electrons (delta rays) created by ionisation travel laterally from the beam and induce further effects on the material. The diameter of the ion track, which is defined by the range of the delta rays depends on the energy and species of the primary ion [2,3], but is typically less than 10 nm. All the primary effects of the ion on the material are confined within this diameter which represents the limiting spatial resolution of MeV ion beam techniques.…”

Section: Interactions Between Mev Ions and Atoms: The Key Advantage Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials Patterning and Characterisation at the Nanometre Scale Using Focused MeV Ion Beams: Present Achievements and Future Prospects

Grime

2009

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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A key phenomenon in the interaction of MeV ions and solids is that the energy transferred from the primary ions to the target electrons is high compared with atomic and molecular binding energies, but low compared with the ion energy. This means that there is a high probability of modifying the chemical properties of the material (for patterning) or of inducing the emission of electromagnetic radiation (for analysis), yet the path of particle is changed by a negligible amount, which means that focused beams remain sharp even after penetrating long depths into the material. Developments in focusing MeV ions in recent years have pushed the useable beam diameters into the sub-micrometre region, which means that nuclear microbeams are poised to make an impact in both direct write fabrication and micro-analysis at length scales of interest in nanotechnology or microbiology. This paper reviews the science and technology underlying the use of nuclear microbeams (ion solid interactions, focusing systems) and reports on the present status and trends of applications in sub-micron scale applications. Interactions between MeV ions and atoms: the key advantage of MeV ions in nanoscale applicationsMeV ions interact with the atoms of target materials through electrostatic forces between the charged electrons and nuclei of the atoms. Apart from a small fraction of ions which undergo large angle scattering resulting from a close approach to the nucleus (the Rutherford scattering), the primary effect of the interaction is to create a transient electric dipole excitation of the electron structure of the atom. Kinetic energy is absorbed from the ion and may result in ionisation or promoting one or more of the atomic electrons into excited states.The energy transferred from the ion to the atom depends on many factors, but can range from zero to a few tens of keV. This is large compared with electronic binding energies (especially those of valence electrons), giving a high probability of locally modifying the chemistry of the sample, but small compared with the primary ion energy, so that the ion is not strongly deflected or decelerated, and can undergo many thousands of atomic collisions while following an essentially straight path for a large part of its range. This is the unique advantage of MeV ions for high spatial resolution applications: there is a high probability of creating useful effects in the material, yet the primary ion has a long range and a straight path with low lateral scattering. This is demonstrated in Fig.

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Track size and track structure in polymer irradiated by heavy ions

Cited by 108 publications

References 15 publications

Surface charge density of the track-etched nanopores in polyethylene terephthalate foils

Surface charge density of the track-etched nanopores in polyethylene terephthalate foils

Metallic Nanowires and Nanotubes Prepared by Template Replication

Materials Patterning and Characterisation at the Nanometre Scale Using Focused MeV Ion Beams: Present Achievements and Future Prospects

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