Tracing the dynamics of animal excreta N in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum using 15N enrichment

Chalk, P. M.; Inácio, Caio T.; Chen, Deli

doi:10.1016/bs.agron.2019.10.004

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Assuming a 50% recovery of 15 N-labelled mineral fertilizers (Chalk et al ., 2020), the residual N effects of the 15 N-labelled animal manures above convert to NFRV ranging from 6 to 16% in the first residual year and 3−6% in the second residual year. The smallest values were for urine and liquid manure fractions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Residual effects of manure application vary as illustrated by Chalk et al . (2020) in a review of studies based on 15 N-labelled manures. Of the total 15 N applied, crop recovery (also termed NUE) from various pig, cattle and sheep manures ranged from 1.8 to 15% in the first residual year; in the second residual year the recovery ranged from 1 to 3.7%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1999) indicated that the residual effects of manures are mainly determined by the input of total N with manures, whereas other studies have indicated that other factors influence the residual effect (e.g. Sørensen et al ., 2017 and Chalk et al ., 2020). The objectives of the present study were: (a) to examine the effect of solid material content and thus C/N ratio, in cattle and pig slurries on manure N fertilizer value in the application year and the following 2 years, and (b) to quantify the mineralization rate of residual organic manure N in soil following application of different manure qualities in relation to climatic conditions (growing degree days (GDD)).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For land exposed to frequent annual manure applications, however, the cumulated residual N effects may become significant and should be quantified to allow for adjustment of fresh N inputs. Residual effects of manure application vary as illustrated by Chalk et al (2020) in a review of studies based on 15 N-labelled manures. Of the total 15 N applied, crop recovery (also termed NUE) from various pig, cattle and sheep manures ranged from 1.8 to 15% in the first residual year; in the second residual year the recovery ranged from 1 to 3.7%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen fertilizer value of animal slurries with different proportions of liquid and solid fractions: A 3-year study under field conditions

et al. 2020

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The plant availability of manure nitrogen (N) is influenced by manure composition in the year of application whereas some studies indicate that the legacy effect in following years is independent of the composition. The plant availability of N in pig and cattle slurries with variable contents of particulate matter was determined in a 3-year field study. We separated cattle and a pig slurry into liquid and solid fractions by centrifugation. Slurry mixtures with varying proportions of solid and liquid fraction were applied to a loamy sand soil at similar NH4+-N rates in the first year. Yields and N offtake of spring barley and undersown perennial ryegrass were compared to plots receiving mineral N fertilizer. The first year N fertilizer replacement value (NFRV) of total N in slurry mixtures decreased with increasing proportion of solid fraction. The second and third season NFRV averaged 6.5% and 3.8% of total N, respectively, for cattle slurries, and 18% and 7.5% for pig slurries and was not related to the proportion of solid fraction. The estimated net N mineralization of residual organic N increased nearly linearly with growing degree days (GDD) with a rate of 0.0058%/GDD for cattle and 0.0116%/GDD for pig slurries at 2000–5000 GDD after application. In conclusion NFRV of slurry decreased with increasing proportion of solid fraction in the first year. In the second year, NFRV of pig slurry N was significantly higher than that of cattle slurry N and unaffected by proportion between solid and liquid fraction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen fertilizer value of animal slurries with different proportions of liquid and solid fractions: A 3-year study under field conditions

et al. 2020

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“…A basic assumption in quantifying the recovery of a labelled compound added to soil is that it is uniformly labelled, that is, the isotopes are distributed in the same ratio across all chemical moieties of the element present in the compound. While uniformity is assured for simple commercially‐available substances such as inorganic fertilisers, it cannot be assumed for more complex organic fertilisers such as compost (Chalk et al, 2013) or animal excreta (Chalk et al, 2019) which must be synthesised in situ.…”

Section: Uniformity Of 13c Labellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

¹³C methodologies for quantifying biochar stability in soil: A critique

Chalk

Smith

2022

European J Soil Science

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Methodologies based on 13 C-enrichment (E), 13 C-depletion (D) and 13 C-natural abundance (NA) to estimate the stability of biochar in soil were critically examined. The stability of 13 C-enriched biochar can be estimated by the quantitative recovery of excess 13 C, either in the soil or in evolved CO 2 . Both approaches have advantages and disadvantages. Recovery in the soil is a measure of both residual biochar 13 C + 13 C immobilised in soil organic matter during biochar decomposition. Variable proportions of organic-and inorganic-C are present in alkaline biochars, and few data exist on the uniformity of labelling, which is a basic requirement of the respired 13 CO 2 and E methodology.The E technique has had limited application due to the cost and difficulty of obtaining a uniformly-enriched feedstock through continuous labelling of plants with 13 CO 2 at a constant 13 C enrichment. In contrast, the NA technique has been widely applied. The NA and D techniques are in situ methods that involve the addition of C 4 -derived biochar to a C 3 -soil or vice versa. Stability is estimated by a two-end-member mixing model that allows the proportion of evolved CO 2 derived from the biochar (Cdfb) to be estimated. The mixing model has recently been misused to estimate the Cdfb of 13 C-enriched biochar, with 13 C-abundance expressed as erroneously large δ values. 13 C-based methods provide a yardstick against which rapid stability tests should be evaluated. While numerous laboratory incubation comparisons have been conducted, very few field-based data have been published. Highlights• 13 C methods for estimating biochar stability are based on uniform isotopic labelling.• Organic and inorganic constituents of biochar may not be uniformly labelled.• Expression of 13 C enriched biochar as large δ values (>500 units) rather than atom fraction excess led to larger errors in stability estimation.• Few 13 C field-based estimates of biochar stability exist. K E Y W O R D S13 C, 13 CO 2 , biochar stability, two-end-member model, uniform labelling, δ 13 C Phillip Chalk and Christopher J. Smith contributed equally to this study.

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Nitrous oxide emission factors in conventionally and naturally simulated cattle urine patches

O’Neill

Saggar

Richards

et al. 2021

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Tracing the dynamics of animal excreta N in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum using 15N enrichment

Cited by 12 publications

References 146 publications

Nitrogen fertilizer value of animal slurries with different proportions of liquid and solid fractions: A 3-year study under field conditions

Nitrogen fertilizer value of animal slurries with different proportions of liquid and solid fractions: A 3-year study under field conditions

¹³C methodologies for quantifying biochar stability in soil: A critique

Nitrous oxide emission factors in conventionally and naturally simulated cattle urine patches

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Tracing the dynamics of animal excreta N in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum using 15N enrichment

Cited by 12 publications

References 146 publications

Nitrogen fertilizer value of animal slurries with different proportions of liquid and solid fractions: A 3-year study under field conditions

Nitrogen fertilizer value of animal slurries with different proportions of liquid and solid fractions: A 3-year study under field conditions

13C methodologies for quantifying biochar stability in soil: A critique

Nitrous oxide emission factors in conventionally and naturally simulated cattle urine patches

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¹³C methodologies for quantifying biochar stability in soil: A critique