Tracing the Clues: Exploring Dried Bloodstain Analysis on Multiple Objects in Varied Environment Conditions

Abstract

The primary goal of the study was to detect the presence of blood on different items often encountered at crime scenes. The researchers used a variety of techniques to analyze the blood on these surfaces. Blood samples were drawn from participants and stored in EDTA vials. Six different items were selected for analysis: a living leaf, glass slide, dry leaf, rusting iron, rubber (tyre tube), and stone. The procedure involved applying two to four drops of blood to each surface and subjecting the items to three different temperatures: room temperature, -75 degrees Celsius (in a deep refrigerator), and 150 degrees Celsius (in a hot air oven).The analysis of blood on the surfaces involved three tests: the Benzidine fast blue test, the Takayama test, and the Teichmann test. The Benzidine test produced a strong blue color if blood was present. The Takayama test resulted in salmon pink crystals, and the Teichmann test produced dark brown rhombic crystals – both indicating the presence of hemoglobin.The equipment used for analysis included a compound light microscope with various lenses for magnification. Reagents like Benzidine, glucose, pyridine, NAOH, and KCl/KBr were utilized in the tests. The samples were analyzed at different time intervals, ranging from 3 hours to 75 days after preservation. This allowed researchers to understand the stability of blood on the surfaces over time. To ensure reliable results, the study employed 10 objects for each temperature and time period. This setup facilitated comparative analysis and enhanced the credibility of the examination. The presence of blood was determined based on the outcomes of the tests and observations made under the microscope. The study's findings could potentially assist in solving crime cases and accidents involving the tested items. Detecting blood on various surfaces under different conditions could contribute valuable information to forensic investigations.