Tracing the Anti‐Inflammatory Mechanism/Triggers of <scp>d</scp>‐Allulose: A Profile Study of Microbiome Composition and mRNA Expression in Diet‐Induced Obese Mice

Han, Youngji; Yoon, Joon; Choi, Myung‐Sook

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201900982

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Allulose significantly decreased the mRNA expression levels of TLRs, NF-kappa B, PI3K-AKT, cytokines, and chemokines ( Figure 4A,B), in addition to plasma inflammatory cytokine levels ( Figure 4C). Consistent with these results, our previous study showed that mRNA expression associated with inflammation significantly decreased in the ALL group compared with that in the HFD group, in both hepatic and adipose tissue [43].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Anti-Diabetic Effects of Allulose in Diet-Induced Obese Mice via Regulation of mRNA Expression and Alteration of the Microbiome Composition

2020

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Allulose has been reported to serve as an anti-obesity and anti-diabetic food component; however, its molecular mechanism is not yet completely understood. This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms of action for allulose in obesity-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), by analyzing the transcriptional and microbial populations of diet-induced obese mice. Thirty-six C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups, fed with a normal diet (ND), a high-fat diet (HFD), a HFD supplemented with 5% erythritol, or a HFD supplemented with 5% allulose for 16 weeks, in a pair-fed manner. The allulose supplement reduced obesity and comorbidities, including inflammation and hepatic steatosis, and changed the microbial community in HFD-induced obese mice. Allulose attenuated obesity-mediated inflammation, by downregulating mRNA levels of inflammatory response components in the liver, leads to decreased plasma pro-inflammatory marker levels. Allulose suppressed glucose and lipid metabolism-regulating enzyme activities, ameliorating hepatic steatosis and improving dyslipidemia. Allulose improved fasting blood glucose (FBG), plasma glucose, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and the area under the curve (AUC) for the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), as well as hepatic lipid levels. Our findings suggested that allulose reduced HFD-induced obesity and improved T2DM by altering mRNA expression and the microbiome community.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Anti-Diabetic Effects of Allulose in Diet-Induced Obese Mice via Regulation of mRNA Expression and Alteration of the Microbiome Composition

2020

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“…AL supplement tended to decrease plasma resistin levels compared to controls [ 43 ]. d -allulose in a high-fat diet reduced diet-induced obesity and markedly decreased plasma inflammatory cytokine levels and related mRNA expression [ 44 ]. These findings show that AL supplementation can reduce inflammatory responses that may contribute to reduced weight gain and T2DM in db/db mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

d-allulose Ameliorates Metabolic Dysfunction in C57BL/KsJ-db/db Mice

et al. 2020

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d-allulose is an uncommon sugar that provides almost no calories when consumed. Its sweetness is 70% that of sucrose. d-allulose is a metabolic regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism. However, few reports concerning its effect on diabetes and related metabolic disturbances in db/db mice are available. In this study, we evaluated d-allulose’s effect on hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, diabetes and inflammatory responses in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice. Mice were divided into normal diet, erythritol supplemented (5% w/w), and d-allulose supplemented (5% w/w) groups. Blood glucose and plasma glucagon levels and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) were significantly lower in the d-allulose group than in the normal diet group, and plasma insulin level was significantly increased. Further, d-allulose supplement significantly increased hepatic glucokinase activity and decreased hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6-phosphatase activity. Expression of glucose transporter 4, insulin receptor substrate 1, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha and AKT serine/threonine kinase 2 were also upregulated by d-allulose supplement in adipocyte and muscle. Finally, d-allulose effectively lowered plasma and hepatic triglyceride and free fatty acid levels, and simultaneously reduced hepatic fatty acid oxidation and carnitine palmitoyl transferase activity. These changes are likely attributable to suppression of hepatic fatty acid synthase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. Notably, d-allulose also reduced pro-inflammatory adipokine and cytokine levels in plasma. Our results indicate that d-allulose is an effective sugar substitute for improving lipid and glucose metabolism.

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“…In comparison with D-fructose and D-glucose, D-allulose has a much stronger antioxidative activity that persists over a long period of storage [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ], and is highly soluble [ 47 ]. D-allulose showed hypoglycemic properties and therapeutic effects on type 2 diabetes [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]. It also has antiobesity [ 54 , 55 , 58 , 59 ] and antihyperlipidemic effects [ 42 , 60 ].…”

Section: Rare Sugars In Food Systems and Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Sugars: Recent Advances and Their Potential Role in Sustainable Crop Protection

Mijailovic

Nesler²,

Perazzolli

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Rare sugars are monosaccharides with a limited availability in the nature and almost unknown biological functions. The use of industrial enzymatic and microbial processes greatly reduced their production costs, making research on these molecules more accessible. Since then, the number of studies on their medical/clinical applications grew and rare sugars emerged as potential candidates to replace conventional sugars in human nutrition thanks to their beneficial health effects. More recently, the potential use of rare sugars in agriculture was also highlighted. However, overviews and critical evaluations on this topic are missing. This review aims to provide the current knowledge about the effects of rare sugars on the organisms of the farming ecosystem, with an emphasis on their mode of action and practical use as an innovative tool for sustainable agriculture. Some rare sugars can impact the plant growth and immune responses by affecting metabolic homeostasis and the hormonal signaling pathways. These properties could be used for the development of new herbicides, plant growth regulators and resistance inducers. Other rare sugars also showed antinutritional properties on some phytopathogens and biocidal activity against some plant pests, highlighting their promising potential for the development of new sustainable pesticides. Their low risk for human health also makes them safe and ecofriendly alternatives to agrochemicals.

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Tracing the Anti‐Inflammatory Mechanism/Triggers of d‐Allulose: A Profile Study of Microbiome Composition and mRNA Expression in Diet‐Induced Obese Mice

Cited by 32 publications

References 45 publications

Anti-Diabetic Effects of Allulose in Diet-Induced Obese Mice via Regulation of mRNA Expression and Alteration of the Microbiome Composition

Anti-Diabetic Effects of Allulose in Diet-Induced Obese Mice via Regulation of mRNA Expression and Alteration of the Microbiome Composition

d-allulose Ameliorates Metabolic Dysfunction in C57BL/KsJ-db/db Mice

Rare Sugars: Recent Advances and Their Potential Role in Sustainable Crop Protection

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