Tracing part-per-billion line shifts with direct-frequency-comb Vernier spectroscopy

Cumis, Mario Siciliani de; Eramo, Roberto; Coluccelli, Nicola; Cassinerio, Marco; Galzerano, G.; Laporta, P.; Natale, P. De; Pastor, P. Cancio

doi:10.1103/physreva.91.012505

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Most of the spectroscopy work has been performed in the near--infrared region, where the technology is more mature. Mainly line positions and shifts 101 have been determined. The unique feature of frequency--comb spectrometers with resolved narrow comb lines, the negligible contribution of the instrumental line--shape, will permit the metrology of line parameters other than line positions: frequency comb spectroscopy combines for the first time a broad spectral span, which was the distinctive feature of spectrometers with incoherent light sources, and an narrow instrumental line--width, which used to be the specific character of some tunable lasers.…”

Section: Selected Applications and Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency comb spectroscopy

2019

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A laser frequency combs is a broad spectrum composed of equidistant narrow lines. Initially invented for frequency metrology, such combs enable new approaches to spectroscopy over broad spectral bandwidths, of particular relevance to molecules. With optical frequency combs, the performance of existing spectrometers, such as Michelson--based Fourier transform interferometers or crossed dispersers, involving e.g. virtual imaging phase array (VIPA) étalons, is dramatically enhanced. Novel types of instruments, such as dual--comb spectrometers, lead to a new class of devices without moving parts for accurate measurements over broad spectral ranges. The direct self-calibration of the frequency scale of the spectra within the accuracy of an atomic clock and the negligible contribution of the instrumental line--shape will enable determinations of all spectral parameters with high accuracy for stringent comparisons with theories in atomic and molecular physics. Chip--scale frequency--comb spectrometers promise integrated devices for real--time sensing in analytical chemistry and biomedicine. This review article gives a summary of advances in the emerging and rapidly advancing field of atomic and molecular broadband spectroscopy with frequency combs. Frequency comb spectroscopy N. Picqué, T. W. Hänsch Preprint version of Nature Photonics 13, 146--157 (2019). /27Frequency comb spectroscopy N. Picqué, T. W. Hänsch Preprint version of Nature Photonics 13, 146--157 (2019). /27 3 assisted precision spectroscopy, frequency comb spectroscopy began to attract the interest of a few research groups 12--20 . Stimulated by a number of intriguing proof--of--principle demonstrations, the field has grown to a hot research topic and, with new research groups constantly getting involved, novel clever and unforeseen applications emerge. Most of the time, frequency comb spectroscopy implies spectroscopy over a broad spectral bandwidth, of particular relevance to molecular spectroscopy.Frequency comb spectroscopy N. Picqué, T. W. Hänsch Preprint version of Nature Photonics 13, 146--157 (2019). /27 4 2. Frequency--comb light sources for spectroscopy. 2.1 General characteristics. Often, a comb is generated by a mode--locked laser system. In the time domain (Fig. 1a), a train of ultrashort pulses is emitted at the output of the cavity. The period of the envelope of the pulses, 1/frep= L/vg , corresponds to the round--trip time inside a laser cavity of round--trip length L and group velocity of the light vg. Due to dispersion inside the cavity, a pulse--to--pulse phase--shift Δφ between the carrier and the envelope of the electric field of the pulses is observed. In the frequency domain, the associated spectrum is composed of a discrete set of evenly spaced narrow lines with frequencies fn that can be written fn= n frep + f0, where n is a large integer, frep is the repetition frequency of the envelope of the pulses and f0 is the carrier--envelope offset frequency, related to the phase--shift Δφ by the relationship f0 = frep Δφ/2π (Fig. 1a). In ...

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Section: Selected Applications and Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency comb spectroscopy

2019

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“…Cavity-enhanced Fourier transform spectroscopy, either using DCS [19] or mechanical spectrometers [20], requires tight comb-cavity locking [21] and, in the case of DCS, either complex stabilization schemes [22] or adaptive sampling [23]. An alternative cavity-enhanced comb based technique uses Vernier filtering of the comb by the cavity [24][25][26][27]. In particular, the so-called continuous-filtering Vernier spectroscopy (CF-VS) [27,28], allows recording cavity enhanced molecular spectra over the entire spectral bandwidth of the femtosecond laser in tens of ms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser for broadband cavity-enhanced spectroscopy

et al. 2020

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We report the design and characteristics of a simple and compact mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser and its application to broadband cavity-enhanced spectroscopy. The graphene mode-locked polarization maintaining oscillator consumes less than 5 W of power. It is thermally stabilized, enclosed in a 3D printed box, and equipped with three actuators that control the repetition rate: fast and slow fiber stretchers, and metal-coated fiber section. This allows wide tuning of the repetition rate and its stabilization to an external reference source. The applicability of the laser to molecular spectroscopy is demonstrated by detecting CO 2 in air using continuous-filtering Vernier spectroscopy with absorption sensitivity of 5.5 × 10 −8 cm −1 in 50 ms.

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“…near-infrared and MIR with linewidths at the few kHz level (and less) reachable using different stabilization techniques as those based on ultra-stable cavities [32,44] or whispering gallery mode microresonators [45,46]. In addition, optical frequency comb (OFC) disciplined laser sources [31,47] or directly OFC's as spectroscopic sources [48][49][50][51] provide sub Hz control level of the absolute frequency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linestrength ratio spectroscopy as a new primary thermometer for redefined Kelvin dissemination

et al. 2019

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Experimental methods for primary thermometry, after Kelvin unit redefinition on May 2019, become based on a known value of the Boltzmann constant rather than by measuring temperature with respect to a reference point. In this frame, we propose linestrength ratio thermometry (LRT) as a candidate method for primary thermometry in the 9-700 K temperature range. Temperature accuracies at the ppm level are prospected for LRT applied to optical transitions of the CO molecule in the range 80-700 K and of a rare-earth-doped crystal in the 9-100 K one. Future implementations of this technique can contribute to measure the calibration-discrepancies in the ITS-90 metrological scale of thermodynamic temperature which can have a measurable impact in applications ranging from fundamental-physics to meteorology and climatology.

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Tracing part-per-billion line shifts with direct-frequency-comb Vernier spectroscopy

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Frequency comb spectroscopy

Frequency comb spectroscopy

Compact mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser for broadband cavity-enhanced spectroscopy

Linestrength ratio spectroscopy as a new primary thermometer for redefined Kelvin dissemination

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