Tracing Mapuche Exclusion from Post-Dictatorial Truth Commissions in Chile: Official and Grassroots Initiatives

Jara, Daniela; Rajevic, Manuela Badilla; Figueiredo, Ana; Cornejo, Marcela; Riveros, Victoria

doi:10.1093/ijtj/ijy025

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…In the Andes of Peru, indigenous commemorations of the country’s internal armed conflict (1980–2000) can be dramatically distinct from the moments recognized by the dominant memory frame of the same period (Del Pino, 2003). In Chile, Mapuche long-term narratives of historical injustice defy post-dictatorial narratives that situate the military coup in Chile as a foundational event, suggesting a 200-year-old story of ongoing conflict with the Chilean state (Jara et al, 2018). In Argentina, some who were disappeared or killed during the 1976–1983 dictatorship, including the Montoneros’ “traitors,” or today’s marginalized youth who have been killed by repressive forces post-1983, fall outside the dominant historical narrative (Da Silva Catela, 2014).…”

Section: The Spectral Turnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In conventional approaches to historical and sociological analysis, there is a constant periodizing and re-periodizing, relegating the past to a “pre,” affixing historical facts, in order to delimit and contextualize action. For example, transitional justice approaches to the past adopt a time frame in which it is assumed that there was some form of past violent s tate of exception that must and can now be righted, when in fact, systematic human rights violations were and continue to be the norm against both dissidents and the structurally marginalized (Jara et al, 2018; Leebaw, 2011). The focus on specters or haunting sheds light on the various ways in which violence is both ongoing and has an afterlife (Gómez-Barris, 2009).…”

Section: The Spectral Turnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Presenting unwieldy pasts

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Jara

2020

Memory Studies

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In the rich and varied work of memory studies, scholars have turned to exploring the meanings that different communities assign to the past, the social mediations of memories, as well as how the memories of subaltern subjects re-signify the relationship between history and memory. This special issue explores the ever present dynamics of unwieldy pasts through what have been termed “the spectral turn” and “the forensic turn.” We argue that specters (which appear in the literature as ghosts, or as haunting) and exhumations defy notions of temporality or resolution. Both trace the social dynamics that redefine the meanings of the past and that voice suffering, expose institutions’ limits, reveal disputes, explore affect and privilege political resistance. They draw from significant intellectual traditions across disciplinary and thematic boundaries in the natural and social sciences, the humanities, art and fiction. Their intellectual subjects range from work that explores the political struggles of confronting slavery and the possibility of reparations in the Americas long after it was formally abolished, to sensitive treatments of graves of Franco’s Spain. We suggest that both the spectral turn and the forensic turn have provided lenses to conceptualize the social life of unwieldy pasts, by exploring its dynamics, practices, and the cultural transmissions. They have also offered a language to communities that mobilize the political strength of resentment, deepened by the late phase of global capitalism and its consequent, deepening inequalities.

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Section: The Spectral Turnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Spectral Turnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presenting unwieldy pasts

Hite

Jara

2020

Memory Studies

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“…En Chile, específicamente en el caso de la comunidad Mapuche, ninguna de las tres comisiones oficiales reconoció la represión particular de la que fue objeto. En respuesta, dos comisiones no oficiales han sido creadas: En 2010 la Corporación de Promoción y Defensa de los Derechos del Pueblo CODEPU realizó el proyecto "Mirar atrás" dedicado a la experiencia Mapuche durante la dictadura y, en 2016 fue lanzado el "Informe final de investigación sobre ejecutados y desaparecidos pertenecientes a la nación Mapuche (1973Mapuche ( -1990)" realizado por la Asociación para la investigación y el desarrollo Mapuche (Jara, Badilla, Figueiredo, Cornejo & Riveros, 2018). Cabe anotar que entre 2001 y 2003, se había llevado a cabo, con respaldo estatal, la Comisión Verdad Histórica y Nuevo Trato con los Pueblos Indígenas, que indagó en la historia chilena desde la perspectiva del trato que recibieron los pueblos indígenas, remontándose a la conformación de la república (Comisionado Presidencial para Asuntos Indígenas, 2008).…”

Section: Comisiones No Oficiales Y Prácticas Tradicionalesunclassified

El papel de las comisiones de la verdad en los procesos de transición: aproximación a un estado de la cuestión

Marin

Gómez

2020

Agora USB

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La justicia transicional ofrece mecanismos para garantizar la verdad, la justicia, la reparación y la no repetición a las víctimas de abusos contra los derechos humanos perpetrados durante regímenes dictatoriales y conflictos armados. Se trata de un marco jurídico que ha cobrado auge desde las últimas décadas del siglo veinte y, particularmente en Colombia, se ha constituido en una herramienta para afrontar los períodos posteriores a las negociaciones con grupos armados ilegales en los últimos veinte años. Así lo corrobora, entre otras, la presente revisión de 129 estudios y debates sobre experiencias de Comisiones de la Verdad entre 1997 y 2019.

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“…This perspective has been very influential in the design of politics regarding the difficult past in many postconflict societies, and has simultaneously pushed for the notion of reconciliation as the ideal purpose of political transitions (Hayner 2001;Teitel 2000). Yet, some authors have criticized this perspective because of its homogenizing and national view and the resulting omissions or silences, especially of local or subaltern perspectives of justice and memory (David 2017;Jara et al 2018;Leebaw 2008).…”

Section: From Materialsized To Ephemeral Rememberingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, some authors have criticized this perspective because of its homogenizing and national view and the resulting omissions or silences, especially of local or subaltern perspectives of justice and memory (David ; Jara et al. ; Leebaw ).…”

Section: From Materialsized To Ephemeral Rememberingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ephemeral and Ludic Strategies of Remembering in the Streets: A Springboard for Public Memory in Chile

Rajevic

2019

Sociological Forum

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This article examines a profound turn in the commemoration and representations of the dictatorial past in Chile (1973–1990), where young people who did not experience firsthand the authoritarian order are publicly creating fleeting images, practices, and objects to remember the military dictatorship. These are urban ephemeral and ludic mnemonic assemblages (Freeman, Nienass, and Daniell 2015) that connect past and present events and demand new ways of talking, acting, and thinking about the past, thereby appropriating the public space. The participants in these actions stress the original, carnivalesque, and public dimensions of their practices, challenging the official politics of memory that has focused on the recognition of victims within the walls of museums or memorials. The following question guides this article: How do new public, ludic, and ephemeral strategies interact with and potentially change official ways of narrating the past? How do they create the space for political participation in postconflict societies? Drawing upon a qualitative and multimethod study that combines 60 in‐depth interviews, participant observations, and archival work, I maintain that, although this blossoming of the Chilean public memory has opened up new territories for activating memory, it has a transient temporality and, consequently, may have transitory political potential.

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Tracing Mapuche Exclusion from Post-Dictatorial Truth Commissions in Chile: Official and Grassroots Initiatives

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Presenting unwieldy pasts

Presenting unwieldy pasts

El papel de las comisiones de la verdad en los procesos de transición: aproximación a un estado de la cuestión

Ephemeral and Ludic Strategies of Remembering in the Streets: A Springboard for Public Memory in Chile

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