Tracheal cellular immune response in chickens inoculated with Mycoplasma synoviae vaccine, MS-H or its parent strain 86079/7NS

Omotainse, Oluwadamilola S; Wawegama, Nadeeka K.; Arachchige, Sathya N Kulappu; Coppo, Mauricio J. C.; Vaz, Paola K.; Woodward, Andrew; Kordafshari, Somayeh; Bogeski, Mirjana; Stevenson, Mark; Noormohammadi, Amir H.; Stent, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110472

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that MS exerts considerable mitogenic effects on lymphocytes and can stimulate lymphocytes to produce IFN-γ ( 10 , 48 , 49 ). In MS-H inoculated chickens, a significantly increase of IFN-γ is observed in the tracheal mucosa, and the local cellular response is dominated by a Th-17 response ( 50 ). In the present study, the levels of IFN-γ were significantly upregulated ( p < 0.05) in chickens inoculated with the subunit vaccines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the protective efficacy of six major immunogenic proteins of Mycoplasma Synoviae

Han,

Wang,

Chang

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) is a primary avian pathogen prevalent worldwide that causes airsacculitis and synovitis in birds. Vaccination is recommended as the most cost-effective strategy in the control of MS infection. Novel alternative vaccines are needed for eradicating and controlling MS infection in flocks. DnaK, enolase, elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), MSPB, NADH oxidase and LP78 are the major immunogenic antigens of MS and are promising targets for subunit vaccine candidates. In the present study, genes encoding DnaK, enolase, EF-Tu, MSPB, LP78, and NADH oxidase were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the six recombinant proteins were recognized by convalescent sera, indicating that they were expressed during infection. Two injections of the six subunit vaccines induced a robust antibody response and increased the concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-4, especially rEnolase and rEF-Tu. The proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes was enhanced in all of the immunized groups. Chickens immunized with rEnolase, rEF-Tu, rLP78, and rMSPB conferred significant protection against MS infection, as indicated by significantly lower DNA copies in the trachea, lower scores of air sac lesions, and lesser tracheal mucosal thickness than that in the challenge control. Especially, rEnolase provided the best protective efficacy, followed by rEF-Tu, rMSPB, and rLP78. Our finds demonstrate that the subunit vaccines and bacterin can only reduce the lesions caused by MS infection, but not prevent colonization of the organism. Our findings may contribute to the development of novel vaccine agents against MS infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the protective efficacy of six major immunogenic proteins of Mycoplasma Synoviae

Han,

Wang,

Chang

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Tracheal tissues from the upper, middle, and lower regions were collected for histopathological examination, as previously described in ref. 53 . Briefly, tissue sections were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for a minimum of 24 h, dehydrated, embedded in paraffin wax, sectioned (at a thickness of 5 μm), and stained with hematoxylin and eosin.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primers are shown in Table 2 . Gene expression levels were analyzed using the 2 ‐ΔΔct method, with β-actin serving as a housekeeping gene 53 , 55 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of immunogenic proteins and evaluation of vaccine candidates against Mycoplasma synoviae

Han

Chen

et al. 2023

npj Vaccines

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Mycoplasma synoviae (M. synoviae) is a serious avian pathogen that causes significant economic losses to chicken and turkey producers worldwide. The currently available live attenuated and inactivated vaccines provide limited protection. The objective of this study was to identify potential subunit vaccine candidates using immunoproteomics and reverse vaccinology analyses and to evaluate their preliminary protection. Twenty-four candidate antigens were identified, and five of them, namely RS01790 (a putative sugar ABC transporter lipoprotein), BMP (a substrate-binding protein of the BMP family ABC transporter), GrpE (a nucleotide exchange factor), RS00900 (a putative nuclease), and RS00275 (an uncharacterized protein), were selected to evaluate their immunogenicity and preliminary protection. The results showed that all five antigens had good immunogenicity, and they were localized on the M. synoviae cell membrane. The antigens induced specific humoral and cellular immune responses, and the vaccinated chickens exhibited significantly greater body weight gain and lower air sac lesion scores and tracheal mucosal thicknesses. Additionally, the vaccinated chickens had lower M. synoviae loads in throat swabs than non-vaccinated chickens. The protective effect of the RS01790, BMP, GrpE, and RS00900 vaccines was better than that of the RS00275 vaccine. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the potential of subunit vaccines as a new approach to developing M. synoviae vaccines, providing new ideas for controlling the spread of M. synoviae worldwide.

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“…The overall lesion scores were compared using the Dunn’s corrected Kruskal–Wallis test, with P < 0.01 considered significant. The tissues collected from upper, middle, and lower trachea were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathology examination as described previously ( Omotainse et al, 2022 ). The tracheal mucosal thickness was measured at upper, middle, and lower trachea using a graticule lens at a magnification of 400X at six equidistant points.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence factors of Mycoplasma synoviae: Three genes influencing colonization, immunogenicity, and transmissibility

Klose

Omotainse²,

Zare³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Infections caused by Mycoplasma synoviae are major welfare and economic concerns in poultry industries worldwide. These infections cause chronic respiratory disease and/or synovitis in chickens and turkeys leading to reduced production and increased mortality rates. The live attenuated vaccine strain MS-H (Vaxsafe® MS), commonly used for protection against M. synoviae infection in many countries, contains 32 single nucleotide variations compared to its wildtype parent strain, 86079/7NS. Genomic analysis of vaccine strains reisolated from flocks following the administration of MS-H has identified reversions to the original 86079/7NS sequence in the obgE, oppF and gapdh genes. Here, three MS-H field reisolates containing the 86079/7NS genotype in obgE (AS2), obgE and oppF (AB1), and obgE, oppF and gapdh (TS4), as well as the vaccine MS-H and the parental strain 86079/7NS were experimentally inoculated to chickens. The strains were assessed for their ability to infect and elicit immune responses in the recipient chickens, as well as in naïve in-contact chickens. Despite the loss of temperature sensitivity phenotype and colonization of the reisolates in the lower respiratory tract, there was no significant differences detected in the microscopic mucosal thickness of the middle or lower trachea of the inoculated chickens. Concurrent reversions in ObgE, OppF and GAPDH proteins were associated with higher gross air sac lesion scores and increased microscopic upper-tracheal mucosal thickness in chickens directly inoculated with the reisolates following intratracheal administration of a virulent strain of infectious bronchitis virus. The gross air sac lesions of the chickens in-contact with those inoculated with reisolates were not significantly different to those of chickens in-contact with MS-H inoculated chickens, suggesting that horizontal transmission of the reisolates in the poultry flock will not lead to higher pathogenicity or clinical signs. These results suggest a significant role of GAPDH and/or cumulative effect of ObgE, OppF and GAPDH on M. synoviae pathogenicity. Future experiments will be required to investigate the effect of single mutations in gapdh or oppF gene on pathogenicity of M. synoviae.

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Tracheal cellular immune response in chickens inoculated with Mycoplasma synoviae vaccine, MS-H or its parent strain 86079/7NS

Cited by 8 publications

References 68 publications

Evaluation of the protective efficacy of six major immunogenic proteins of Mycoplasma Synoviae

Evaluation of the protective efficacy of six major immunogenic proteins of Mycoplasma Synoviae

Screening of immunogenic proteins and evaluation of vaccine candidates against Mycoplasma synoviae

Virulence factors of Mycoplasma synoviae: Three genes influencing colonization, immunogenicity, and transmissibility

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