Tracheal and bronchial stenoses and other obstructive conditions

Abstract

Although tracheal stenosis and bronchial stenosis are relatively rare in the pediatric population,

Quantification of tissue‐engineered trachea performance with computational fluid dynamics

“…Clinically, bronchoscopy remains the most important tool for diagnosing and investigating airway characteristics. 28 The decision to carry out an interventional procedure is currently based solely off of respiratory symptom severity and presence, and not on quantitative measures of airway quality (e.g., bronchoscopic measurements and CFD). Varying degrees of impending respiratory distress have been described in human patients, such as stridor, a "barking" or brassy cough, and "washing machine" airway sounds.…”

“…29 Diagnoses are frequently delayed because of the rarity of the lesion, or because other more apparent associated malformations draw the attention of the clinician. 28 Other researchers have therefore developed scales of evaluating respiratory symptom correlation with disease progression in humans. 29,30 For example, stridor has been noted as a key feature in differentiating between mild and moderate respiratory distress.…”

Diagnostic Value of Multi-Slice Spiral Computed Tomography for Bronchial Dysplasia in Premature Infants

“…In the diagnosis of primary and external pressure-type bronchial hypoplasia, more patients with bronchial hypoplasia caused by external pressure were diagnosed with MSCT than with FB. The main reason may be that this type of bronchial hypoplasia results from conditions such as cardiovascular development abnormalities and chest or esophageal compression [ 30 ]. For the MSCT examination, the entire chest of the child was inspected and a more objective judgment could be obtained.…”

Management of complete tracheal rings in a neonate with tetralogy of Fallot

“…Congenital tracheal anomalies usually present as respiratory distress, stridor or respiratory tract infections during the first days of life, but can be asymptomatic in some patients 1. Long-segment tracheal stenosis can be life-threatening and can require emergent airway management with mechanical ventilation.…”