Traceability on Machine Tool Metrology: A Review

Mutilba, Unai; Gomez-Acedo, Eneko; Kortaberria, Gorka; Olarra, Aitor; Yagüe‐Fabra, José A.

doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0021.v1

2017

DOI: 10.20944/preprints201705.0021.v1

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Traceability on Machine Tool Metrology: A Review

Unai Mutilba¹,

Eneko Gomez-Acedo²,

Gorka Kortaberria³

et al.

Abstract: Errors during manufacture of high value components are not acceptable nowadays in driving industries such as energy and transportation. Sectors such as aerospace, automotive, shipbuilding, nuclear power, large science facilities or wind power manufacture complex and accurate components that demand close measurements and fast feedback into manufacturing processes. New measuring technologies are already available in machine tools, including integrated touch probes and fast interface capabilities. They shall prov… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications

References 70 publications

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Application of 3D Imaging for Analyzing the Chip Groove Shapes of Cutting Inserts

Struzikiewicz

2024

Applied Sciences

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An effective chip formation process is significant for an efficient metal-cutting process. Long continuous chips can lead to scratches on the machined surface, increasing the risk to operator safety and stability of the machining process. The use of chip grooves on cutting inserts allows for control of the chip formation and breaking process during machining. The shape of the rake surface and the design of the chip groove also affect the efficiency of the machining process. The article presents the use of 3D imaging to analyze changes in the selected chip groove shapes depending on the cutting depth ap = 0.10, 0.25, and 0.50 mm and the angular location of the cutting insert relative to the machined surface of the workpiece (i.e., major cutting-edge angle K = 60° and K = 90°). The analysis methodology was based on the use of 3D image registration and surface shape modeling. In the analysis based on the 3D imaging presented, the novelty was the adaptation of methods typically used to map and model the terrain surface, which have not been used previously in cutting processes. The evaluation of the shape of the chip groove surface was carried out using, e.g., watershed maps and 3D surface maps. The obtained results indicated a significant influence of the cutting depth and major cutting-edge angle on the surface shape, profile, and length of the chip former; chip groove volume; and the theoretical contact area of the formed chip with the cutting insert. It was observed that for small depths of cut, i.e., ap < 0.25 mm, the chip-curling process may be difficult due to the flattened shape of the rake surface. In addition, the influence of the convexity of the rake surface of the cutting insert on the chip formation process was demonstrated. The results of the experimental research that verified the conclusions are presented. The developed results may be useful in the process of selecting the parameters and conditions of the metal finishing through use of tools with a shaped rake surface.

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Application of 3D Imaging for Analyzing the Chip Groove Shapes of Cutting Inserts

Struzikiewicz

2024

Applied Sciences

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Effect of Different Etching Processes on Surface Defects of Quartz Crystals

Li,

Zhang,

Shi

et al. 2023

Coatings

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In high-power laser systems, the loading capacity of fused silica components under 351 nm irradiation is an important factor limiting their ability to increase output power, and in the current study, the damage threshold enhancement of fused silica components after RIE and AMP treatments has been investigated. Sub-surface defects in fused silica components after RIE treatment have also been investigated, but the reason for the high damage threshold could never be explained. Since quartz crystals and fused silica belong to the same silica system, and quartz crystals have more characterisation means than fused silica, we can extrapolate to fused silica by studying quartz crystals. We can extrapolate to fused silica by studying quartz crystals, which are characterised by more means than fused silica, and prove that the extrapolation is correct by characterising fused silica. In this study, the relationship between the etching process and the damage threshold is concluded by studying different RIE etching processes, and the damage threshold of the samples is optimal when the etching depth is 1 um.

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Identification of a Workpiece Temperature Compensation Model for Automatic Correction of the Cutting Process

Zawada-Tomkiewicz

Tomkiewicz

Pela³

2022

Materials

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This article describes a system for measuring and compensating for errors resulting from the cutting process in order to improve the accuracy of the workpiece. Measurements were performed by means of an automatic measurement unit. The diameter of the workpiece was measured at two points, and at the same time, the temperature at the end face of the workpiece was measured. These measurements were used in Statistical Process Control (SPC). Based on the measured values, the process stability was checked and an error correction value was determined for the next item. Moreover, the value of the correction was influenced by the assumed value of tool wear, in accordance with the adopted model, and the possibility of achieving the assumed surface quality. The diameter of the workpiece for SPC purposes was measured under industrial conditions using an automatic measurement unit, which indicates that the temperature of the workpiece during the measurement was significantly higher than the reference temperature. The study focuses on the possibility of identifying a workpiece temperature compensation model in measurements of the workpiece diameter for the purpose of introducing an additional change in the correction value. It was found that a model with a constant correction value and a linear model poorly reflect the nature of the changes. On the other hand, the Autoregressive with Extra Input (ARX) model and the Nonlinear Autoregressive with Extra Input (NLARX) model, with a neural network, are able to map the inertia of the system and map the process with greater accuracy. In this way, measurements performed in industrial conditions can more accurately determine the possibility of achieving the assumed tolerance of the finished product. At the same time, the research shows that the temperature compensation model is nonlinear, and that the maximum possible machining accuracy of the workpiece can be achieved thanks to the repeatable measurement and compensation technique.

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Traceability on Machine Tool Metrology: A Review

Cited by 4 publications

References 70 publications

Application of 3D Imaging for Analyzing the Chip Groove Shapes of Cutting Inserts

Application of 3D Imaging for Analyzing the Chip Groove Shapes of Cutting Inserts

Effect of Different Etching Processes on Surface Defects of Quartz Crystals

Identification of a Workpiece Temperature Compensation Model for Automatic Correction of the Cutting Process

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