Trace metal nanoparticles in pyrite

Deditius, Artur P.; Utsunomiya, Satoshi; Reich, Martín; Kesler, Stephen E.; Ewing, Rodney C.; Hough, R. M.; Walshe, John L.

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2011.03.003

Cited by 346 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…For Sb these possible mechanisms include substitution into the pyrite lattice at low temperature, non-stoichiometric substitution, and the possibility that Sb may simply be present as nanoparticles (e.g. Maslennikov et al, 2009;Deditius et al, 2011). Synchrotron radiation μ-XRF elemental distribution maps for Sb, Fe, Zn, and As in concentrically laminated pyrite 1 (Kilias et al 2013b) has revealed that Fe, Zn, As and Sb show laminae parallel quasi-linear distributions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimony Fixation in Solid Phases at the Hydrothermal Field of Kolumbo Submarine Arc-Volcano (Santorini): Deposition Model and Environmental Implications

Kilias¹,

Gousgouni²,

Godelitsas³

et al. 2017

geosociety

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimony Fixation in Solid Phases at the Hydrothermal Field of Kolumbo Submarine Arc-Volcano (Santorini): Deposition Model and Environmental Implications

Kilias¹,

Gousgouni²,

Godelitsas³

et al. 2017

geosociety

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“…In arsenian (As-rich) pyrite, previous studies have revealed that Hg and Tl tend to accumulate in zones where precious metals such as Au are concentrated, particularly, in low-temperature (<200 °C) sedimentary environments, Carlin-type, and epithermal Au deposits (Cline 2001;Emsbo et al 2003;Reich et al 2005;Barker et al 2009;Deditius et al 2011;Large et al 2014). In contrast, it is known that Cd partitions into sphalerite (ZnS) and/or Cd-sulfides under higher-temperature magmatichydrothermal conditions and in submarine hydrothermal vents (Cook et al 2009;Pass 2010;Lockington et al 2014;Revan et al 2014;Keith et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on the solid solubility of Hg, Tl, and Cd in arsenian pyrite

Deditius

Reich²

2016

American Mineralogist

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Arsenic-rich (arsenian) pyrite can contain up to tens of thousands of parts per million (ppm) of toxic heavy metals such as Hg, Tl, and Cd, although few data are available on their solid solubility behavior. When a compilation of Hg, Tl, and Cd analyses from different environments are plotted along with As in a M(Hg, Tl, and Cd)-As log-log space, the resulting wedge-shaped distribution of data points suggests that the solid solubility of the aforementioned metals is strongly dependent on the As concentration of pyrite. The solid solubility limits of Hg in arsenian pyrite-i.e., the upper limit of the wedge-shaped zone in compositional space-are similar to the one previously defined for Au by ), whereas the solubility limit of Tl in arsenian pyrite is approximated by a ratio of Tl/As = 1. In contrast, and despite a wedge-shaped distribution of Cd-As data points for pyrite in Cd-As log-log space, the majority of Cd analyses reflect the presence of mineral particles of Cd-rich sphalerite and/or CdS. Based on these data, we show that arsenian pyrite with M/As ratios above the solubility limit of Hg and Tl contain nanoparticles of HgS, and multimetallic Tl-Hg mineral nanoparticles. These results indicate that the uptake of Hg and Tl in pyrite is strongly dependent on As contents, as it has been previously documented for metals such as Au and Cu. Cadmium, on the other hand, follows a different behavior and its incorporation into the pyrite structure is most likely limited by the precipitation of Cd-rich nanoparticulate sphalerite. The distribution of metal concentrations below the solubility limit suggests that hydrothermal fluids from which pyrite precipitate are dominantly undersaturated with respect to species of Hg and Tl, favoring the incorporation of these metals into the pyrite structure as solid solution. In contrast, the formation of metallic aggregates of Hg and Tl or mineral nanoparticles in the pyrite matrix occurs when Hg and Tl locally oversaturate with respect to their solid phases at constant temperature. This process can be kinetically enhanced by high-to-medium temperature metamorphism and thermal processing or combustion, which demonstrates a retrograde solubility for these metals in pyrite.

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“…Oxidation of exposed pyrite can liberate trace elements [55][56][57][58][59] from the rapidly exhumed bedrock ore. The initial liberation and enrichment of all waste and natural deposits resulted from active pyrite oxidation, leaching, and release of trace elements, sulphates, and other heavy metals [60][61][62].…”

Section: Trace Element Liberation and Fixationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium and Other Trace Element Mobility in Waste Products and Weathered Sediments at Parys Mountain Copper Mine, Anglesey, UK

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The Parys Mountain copper mining district (Anglesey, North Wales) hosts exposed pyritic bedrock, solid mine waste spoil heaps, and acid drainage (ochre sediment) deposits. Both natural and waste deposits show elevated trace element concentrations, including selenium (Se), at abundances of both economic and environmental consideration. Elevated concentrations of semimetals such as Se in waste smelts highlight the potential for economic reserves in this and similar base metal mining sites. Selenium is sourced from the pyritic bedrock and concentrations are retained in red weathering smelt soils, but lost in bedrock-weathered soils and clays. Selenium correlates with Te, Au, Bi, Cd, Hg, Pb, S, and Sb across bedrock and weathered deposits. Man-made mine waste deposits show enrichment of As, Bi, Cu, Sb, and Te, with Fe oxide-rich smelt materials containing high Pb, up to 1.5 wt %, and Au contents, up to 1.2 ppm. The trace elements As, Co, Cu, and Pb are retained from bedrock to all sediments, including high Cu content in Fe oxide-rich ochre sediments. The high abundance and mobility of trace elements in sediments and waters should be considered as potential pollutants to the area, and also as a source for economic reserves of previously extracted and new strategic commodities.

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Trace metal nanoparticles in pyrite

Cited by 346 publications

References 52 publications

Antimony Fixation in Solid Phases at the Hydrothermal Field of Kolumbo Submarine Arc-Volcano (Santorini): Deposition Model and Environmental Implications

Antimony Fixation in Solid Phases at the Hydrothermal Field of Kolumbo Submarine Arc-Volcano (Santorini): Deposition Model and Environmental Implications

Constraints on the solid solubility of Hg, Tl, and Cd in arsenian pyrite

Selenium and Other Trace Element Mobility in Waste Products and Weathered Sediments at Parys Mountain Copper Mine, Anglesey, UK

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