Trace metal concentrations in Mytilus edulis L. from the Laguna San Rafael, Southern Chile

Spatial and Temporal Variations in Trace Metal Concentrations in the Cockle, Austrovenus Stutchburyi from Otago, New Zealand

“…For chromium, which is considered a non-essential trace metal for bivalves, the tissue concentrations in the NZ cockle were below 10 μg g −1 with lower values over summer. These values are similar to those reported for mussels from Chile and pearl oysters from the Arabian Gulf where average values were below 3.8 μg g −1 (Al-Sayed et al, 1994;Manley et al, 1996).…”

“…There have been fewer studies reporting manganese concentrations in bivalve tissues but the average value of 20 μg g −1 determined in the present study for the NZ cockle is similar to the value reported for M. edulis from Chile (Manley et al, 1996). Similarly, nickel concentrations in the NZ cockle were comparable to those reported for Cerastoderma edule collected from the east coast of Ireland from sites with low levels of trace metal contamination (Wilson, 1983).…”

“…Physicochemical factors such as salinity and the presence of chelating agents, together with the organic and inorganic components of the sediments, can affect the kinetics of trace metal uptake and the subsequent accumulation of metals in the tissues (Bryan and Langston, 1992;Marsden and Rainbow, 2004). Consistent with other studies such as those of mussels from Southern Chile (Manley et al, 1996), the concentrations of trace metals within the NZ cockle tissue were positively correlated with the strongest correlations between the concentrations of Cu, Zn and Ni while Ni was also correlated with Cr concentrations. In lagoons and estuaries there is often an environmental gradient together with point or multipoint discharges.…”

“…While there appears to be considerable variation in Zn bioaccumulation amongst different mussel species, all oyster species tend to be strong accumulators of Zn as detoxified granules (George et al, 1978) and Zn concentrations above 2000 μg g −1 dry weight are regularly reported in soft tissues of different oyster species (Rainbow, 1993;Hayes et al, 1998). The Zn tissue concentrations determined in the present study for the NZ cockle were below 118 μg g −1 which is more typical of mussels from relatively clean, uncontaminated sites (Manley et al, 1996) and close to the theoretical estimate required for metabolism (White and Rainbow, 1985). These results suggest that shallow burrowing clams such as the present A. stutchburyi may respond to external zinc in a manner more like that of mussels than oysters which is interesting given the different mode of life for a clam compared to a mussel or oyster.…”

Risk assessment of a coastal lacustrine environment using oxidative stress biomarkers present in the digestive gland of the Brazilian clam Anomalocardia brasiliana.

“…The soft parts of the clams were carefully excised, dried at 60°C and then pulverized to a homogeneous particle size. Aliquots of 200 mg from a pool of 15 individuals from each site were submitted to a digestion process with 3 ml of 0.5M HNO 3 at 120°C for 5 h, and 1 ml of 0.1M H 2 O 2 solution at 60°C for 1 h [40]. After digestion, each sample was diluted in 100 ml of water (Millipore) and analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Varian Spectra-640Z, with Zeeman background corrector) regarding the concentrations of Pb, Cr, Zn, Ni and Cd.…”